Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

BIODIVERSITY : - Coggle Diagram

- - - - DISPROPORTIONATE IMPACT:
        
        Imagineaseaotter-adorable,butcrucial!Theykeepseaurchinpopulationsincheck,whichpreventsthemfromovergrazingkelpforests.Healthykelpforestsarevitalforavarietyofmarinelife.
      - MAINTAINING BALANCE:
        
        wolves in Yellowstone National Park, help regulate prey populations. This, in turn, prevents any one species from dominating and allows for a diversity of plants and animals to thrive.
      - HABITAT PROVIDER:.
        
        create or modify habitats that benefit many other organisms. For example, beavers build dams that create wetlands, vital ecosystems for countless species
    - - MAINTAIN FOOD WEBS
        
        A healthy ecosystem with a keystone species at its core allows for a variety of other species to coexist and flourish.
      - PROMOTE SPECIES RICHNESS
        
        The activities of keystone species, like beavers creating wetlands, contribute to essential ecological processes like water filtration and nutrient cycling
      - ENSURE ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING
        
        By keeping prey populations in check, keystone predators prevent cascading effects that could destabilize the entire food web.
      - HEALTHY ECOSYSTEM
  - - - These predators control the populations of herbivores (plant-eaters) within the ecosystem.
    - - Maintain healthy prey populations by preventing overgrazing.
      - Promote plant diversity by allowing a variety of plant species to thrive.
      - Influence the entire food chain by impacting the populations of lower trophic levels.
  - - - These species physically alter the environment in ways that create or modify habitats for other organisms
    - - Create new habitats or modify existing ones, increasing biodiversity.
      - Influence water flow, nutrient cycling, and other ecosystem processes
    - - Beavers:They build dams that create wetlands, providing habitat for amphibians, birds, fish, and many other species.
      - Termites:Their mounds create pockets of fertile soil and provide shelter for various organisms.
  - - - These species have a symbiotic relationship with other species where both benefit from the interaction.
    - - Ensure the survival and reproduction of both species involved in the mutualistic relationship.
      - Can indirectly influence other species within the ecosystem.
    - - Pollinators and Flowering Plants:Bees and other pollinators transfer pollen between flowers, allowing plants to reproduce. In return, the bees obtain nectar and pollen for food.
      - o
      - Coral Reefs and Algae:Zooxanthellae, a type of algae, live within coral polyps (animals) and provide them with nutrients through photosynthesis. In return, the coral provides the algae with protection and a stable environment
  - - - Charismatic features:They are often large, majestic animals with easily recognizable appearances (think tigers, pandas, elephants).
      - Symbolic value:They can represent the beauty and wonder of nature, or the urgency of environmental threats
    - - Malaysia:Orangutan, Tapir (Rainforest conservation)
      - India:Bengal Tiger (Biodiversity conservation)
      - Giant Panda (Endangered species conservation)
      - Sea Turtle (Ocean plastic pollution)
      - Polar Bear (Climate change)
    - - Ecological importance:Keystone species that play a critical role in maintaining ecosystem health (e.g., sea otters in kelp forests).
      - CHARISMATIC
      - Cultural significance:Species that hold deep meaning for specific communities (e.g., the bald eagle in the United States).
  - - - Large Home Range:Requiring vast areas for survival, thus encompassing the habitats of many other species.
      - Broad Habitat Needs:Utilizing diverse habitats within an ecosystem, ensuring protection for a wider range of species.
    - - Simplified Conservation Planning:Focusing on one species with large habitat needs can streamline the creation of protected areas.
      - Cost-Effectiveness:Protecting a single large area for an umbrella species can be more efficient than protecting numerous smaller areas for individual species.
      - Increased Biodiversity Protection:By ensuring the well-being of the umbrella species, the conservation efforts automatically benefit many other species sharing the habitat (the umbrella effect).
    - - Grizzly Bear (North America):Their vast territory includes forests, meadows, and rivers, protecting a variety of plants and animals.
      - Elephants (Africa):Their wide range encompasses grasslands, savannas, and watering holes, benefiting numerous co-existing species.
    - - Not Foolproof:The umbrella effect relies on a good understanding of the ecosystem and the species it supports.
      - Species Specificity:Not all species qualify as effective umbrellas; some may have specific needs not covered by the protected area.
      - Alternative Approaches:Umbrella species should be used in conjunction with other conservation strategies for a more holistic approach.
  - - - Species diversity:They create a suitable habitat for a variety of organisms to thrive.
      - Their activities significantly influence the physical environment and create habitats that benefit numerous other organisms
      - Ecosystem processes:They influence nutrient cycling, water flow, and other ecological functions.
    - - Producers:They provide the base of the food web, influencing nutrient cycling and energy flow (e.g., kelp forests in oceans).
      - Habitat Modifiers:They physically alter the environment, creating homes and breeding grounds for other species (e.g., coral reefs in marine ecosystems).
    - - MARINE
        
        Kelp:Forms underwater forests, providing food and shelter for diverse marine life.
        
        Corals:Build reefs that offer protection and breeding grounds for numerous species.
      - TERRESTRIAL
        
        Trees:Create forest canopies that regulate temperature, humidity, and provide habitat for countless animals and plants.
        
        Beavers:Construct dams that alter water flow, creating wetlands and enriching habitats for various species
    - - They are like thebuilding blocksof ecosystems, influencing the overall health and resilience of the environment.
      - Understanding foundation species is crucial for effective conservation efforts, as their decline can have a cascading negative effect on the entire ecosystem
  - - - They are sensitive to environmental changes (pollution, habitat loss).
      - They are easy to monitor and have a well-understood ecological role.
      - Their population health reflects the health of the broader environment.
    - - Cost-Effective Monitoring:Monitoring a single indicator species can be less time-consuming and resource-intensive than monitoring all species within an ecosystem.
      - Early Warning System:Changes in indicator species populations can serve as an early warning of environmental problems, allowing for timely intervention.
      - Streamlined Assessment:By focusing on indicator species, scientists can gain valuable insights into the health of various ecosystems,
    - - Specificity:An indicator species may not reflect all environmental issues. Multiple indicators may be needed for a comprehensive assessment.
      - Habitat Specificity:Indicator species effectiveness can vary depending on the specific habitat type.
      - Natural Fluctuations:Population fluctuations can occur due to natural causes. Long-term monitoring is crucial for accurate interpretation.