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Conditioning and Learning - Coggle Diagram
Conditioning and Learning
Classical Conditioning
:
Overview
: Classical conditioning involves learning by association. A neutral stimulus (e.g., a bell) becomes associated with an unconditioned stimulus (e.g., food) that naturally triggers a response (e.g., salivation).
Key Components
:
Unconditioned Stimulus (US)
: Triggers a natural response.
Unconditioned Response (UR)
: The natural response to the US.
Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
: Previously neutral, becomes associated with the US.
Conditioned Response (CR)
: Learned response to the CS after association with the US.
Operant Conditioning
:
Overview
: Operant conditioning involves learning through consequences, where behaviors are modified by their consequences (rewards or punishments).
Key Principles
:
Reinforcement
: Increases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated.
Punishment
: Decreases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated.
Applications
: Can be used to shape behavior through successive approximations toward a desired goal.
Observational Learning
:
Overview
: Learning occurs by watching others and then imitating or modeling the observed behaviors.
Stages
: Involves attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation.
Extinction and Spontaneous Recovery in Classical Conditioning
:
Extinction
: Occurs when the CS is presented without the US repeatedly, leading to the reduction in the CR.
Spontaneous Recovery
: The reappearance of the CR after a pause post-extinction, indicating that the original learning is not completely unlearned.
Blocking and Higher Order Conditioning
:
Blocking
: Occurs when a prior association with a CS prevents learning of a new association with another CS.
Higher Order Conditioning
: When a CS is used to create further associations with new neutral stimuli.
Classical Conditioning and Habit Formation
:
Reflection
: Recognizing how classical conditioning shapes behaviors, I see how my procrastination could be linked to certain triggers in my environment, like my study space.
Action
: I will change my study environment to remove negative associations and create positive ones, like studying in a well-organized, pleasant area to encourage starting tasks.
Operant Conditioning and Self-Motivation
:
Reflection
: Understanding operant conditioning, I realize the importance of reinforcing my productive behaviors and not just punishing my procrastination.
Action
: I will set up a reward system for completing tasks on time, such as allowing myself a favorite activity after finishing a significant task.
Observational Learning and Procrastination
:
Reflection
: Observing how others manage their time effectively, I realize that I can learn through modeling to improve my own time management.
Action
: I will spend more time with peers who are good at managing their schedules and emulate their strategies, like using digital planners or setting specific work hours.