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Conventional and Conversation Implicatures - Coggle Diagram
Conventional and Conversation Implicatures
Concept of Implicature
Something beyond the conveyed meaning
Speaker's intention to communicate through language, reveals the meaning behind the speaker's words, indicating that the speaker communicates more than just what is said.
listeners must be able to decipher the speakers' unsaid statements.
An utterance made by the speaker with an implied or indirect meaning
It includes extra-linguistic linguistics
Conventional Implicature
Concept
meaning or proposition that a speaker expresses or implies when uttering a sentence, although it is not explicitly stated in the strict sense.
statements or presumptions that are partially or fully not contained in the actual words spoken.
Implied meaning where what is said by the speaker is different from what is meant.
Example
"Are you going to eat all the cake yourself?"
The speaker wants to imply that the interlocutor should offer to share the cake.
Type
Generalized conversational implicature
Concept
implicature that not normally conveyed by what is said, and its creation requires no specific context.
the hearer does not need to have special knowledge to know the meaning of a conversation because the context used in this type is a general conversation. The interlocutor can directly understand the meaning of a conversation.
Example
Doobie : Did you invite Bella and Cathy?
Mary : I invited Bella.
Particularized conversational implicature
Concept
in order for the listeners to comprehend the additional meaning being transmitted, they must have specific prior information or deductions.
Example
John: Where’s Peter?
Mary: The light in his office is on.
Conventional conversational implicature
Concept
triggers by the use of logical connection such as but, also, therefore, and, actually, even, anyway, barely, merely, besides, manage to, on the other hand, only, still, though, too, and yet
an additional unstated meaning connected with the use of a specific word and results in additional conveyed meaning in use.
Example
“She is rich, but she is not happy.” In this sentence, the conjunction “but” signals a contrast between being rich and being happy. The conventional implicature here is that wealth does not necessarily lead to happiness.
Example of implicature
A mother says to her daughter who is about to go to the beach: 'Better put some sunscreen on before you go.'From this we understand: 'It is hot and sunny outside, so you might get sunburned '