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DANIEL DEFOE: LIFE AND WORKS - Coggle Diagram
DANIEL DEFOE
: LIFE AND WORKS
hw was born in 1660 into a family of
dissenters
, a Protestant sect which refused the authority of the Church of England
we was educated at Newington Green, in one of the best academies, where he studied moderen languages, economics and geography
hia father wanted a religious career for him but Defoe went into
business
and suffered two
bankruptcies
he was
the first paid journalist
and started to write in Whig papers; his greatest achievement was
The Review
, a periodical published three times a week
he became a
famous and weel-paid intellectual
by writing political essays and pamphlets till the reign of Queen Anne
the queen did not like his critical attitude and had him arrested
he denied his Whig ideas so as to be freed and became a
secret agent
for the new government
when he was about 60, he started to write
novels
which were very successful
in 1719 he published his first novel
Robinson Crusoe
and then
Captain Singleton
Defoe's last novel was
Roxana
: adventures of a high-society woman who uses her beauty to obtain what she wants
in 1722 he published
Moll Flanders
and
Colonel Jack
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Defoe is generally regarded as
the father of the English novel
, the represenatative of a new socila class that wanted to see their life and ideals portrayed in literature
for the development of the
realistic novel
his novels are
fictional autobiographies
always pretending to be true stories through the biographical details and memories of the protagonist and author
the structure of the novels is characterised by
a series of episodes
of a
single hero
the lack of a coherent plot is due to the fact that defoe neither planned his works nor revised them
Defoe used retrospective
firts-person narration
, and the author's point of view mainly coincided with the main character's
the
characters
are presented
from the inside
and through their actions rather than from the outside
they usually appear in
isolation
, either physically or socially