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Kongo's relations with Europe - Coggle Diagram
Kongo's relations with Europe
Kongo was able to maintain their culture over the Portuguese
This achievement was mainly accessed by Kongo's success in numbers in areas covering Portugal from 1496
Timeline of Kongo migrating into Portugal:
1493: Kongo students arrived in Lisbon for education
These students were numerous so by the time of King Diego they were dominating the Portugal capital from having their own royal officials
collecting debts and assisting in cases that presented to the Portuguese court.
They also were present in Sao Tome and by the mid 16th century there were numerous black panthers there who were rich and often able to marry Portuguese residents
Influence in Sao Tome increased when Afonso 1 had interest in shipping his own royal members of the court there, which was evidently successful as by 1526 there were two Kongolese nobles in Sao Tome
As a result, Kongo had a more dominant role in their relationship with Portugal as they were able to create an environment that managed their own interests
Evaluation within the paragraph: influence was important because it was
maintained over a long period of time
European relations maintained from using Christianity as a tool
Christianity's influence can be seen in Kongo from:
Christianity undermining Kongo's sovereignty as it eventually became a semi-colonial relationship between Europe and Kongo
The influence of Christianity is also viewed by how many European clerics are in the country- by the time of Afonso there were many Portuguese priests in the Church
Therefore a reason for relations with Europe can be seen as the development of Christianity within the kingdom
Also established relations through the Dutch alliance
Kongo first turned to the Dutch after their defeat in the Battle of Mbumbi against the Portuguese.
The fighting continued after Alvaro III died
the anti-portuguese of kongo attacked which Pedro then had to counter
as a response Pedro asked the Dutch for aid on their attack in which they accepted
This led to the Dutch- Kongo alliance where for the Dutch's support they were offered control of Luanda and other rewards.
The relationship was maintained this way, on the basis on the alliance. The Dutch can be seen as well involved with supporting Kongo from the alliance as:
December 1623- Dutch sent a fleet to Angola coast
-1624 they blockaded Luanda and attacked Portuguese ships
Causes the alliance to be viewed as powerful and successful as portugal then forfeited Luanda
Reasons relations declined
One reason why relations declined was because of the Alvaro II
his progress to undo relations between the two included reproaching Portugal when they encroaching their territory
he also tried to break the Portuguese link through Catholicism by developing a direct relationship with Rome
Important for the decline of Kongo because the breaking of Christianity changed the face of the relationship between Kongo and Portugal
The development of Angola
origins began when Portugal decided to take over Ngongo and develop it into the colony of Angola during the Jaga invasion
Angola is relevant in causing the deuteriation because after the jaga invasion (which put a strain on their relationship) Angola became a threatening and competitive colony
became an increasing threat
Angola's growth showed how damaging the effects of Portugal's abandonment could be. By the end of the jaga invasion, despite the strain, Portugal and Kongo's relationship was strong as they attempted to control trade. Control over commerce had declined from insecurity- insecurity developed from the deuteriation of the Portuguese relationship.
Dutch relations declined due the miscommunication within the Dutch-kongo alliance
The alliance was based off the Dutch aiding Kongo in the Portuguese attacks by attacking Luanda- Portugal forfeited
However- Hein expected a source of payment from their aid to which Kongo responded with Garcia I being allied with Portugal
as a result Heyn left and abandoned the campaign by 1648
Therefore, Kongo's inconsistency can be seen as a reason for the decline of the Dutch- Kongo relationship (limited it from being long-term)