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Global Systems And Global Governance. - Coggle Diagram

- - - - It is movement of people, knowledge, ideas, goods and money across national borders , leading to - a theoretically "borderless world"
  - - - Labour: Flows of labour are the movement of people who move to work in another country. Essentially,
        this is migration that will contribute to the workforce.
        
        Today, 3-4% of the world’s population are international migrants. The majority of migration is to high income countries (HICs) - only 1.6% of low income country populations are made up of international migrants.
        
        Highly skilled workers: Highly skilled workers are usually highly trained in jobs that require a great deal of skill, such such as in medicine, science, or ICT.
        
        Highly skilled workers may move to high income countries as wages are higher for the same job than in lower income countries.
        
        Unskilled workers: Unskilled workers are those who are underqualified and do not possess ‘expert knowledge’ in
        their employment.
        
        Unskilled workers also move to developed countries for better wages and usually because of high unemployment rates in their countries.
        
        This can lead to overpopulation and exploitation, because many workers are still left in underpaid and often illegal work. This means many migrants continue to be low paid and low skilled.
      - Information:
      - Capital: Capital flows are the movement of money for the purpose of investment, trade or business
        production.
        
        Major flows occur between: 1) Core regions - wealthier, developed countries that have power. 2) Periphery regions - less wealthy, developing/ less developed countries that have less power). 3) The International Monetary Fund (IMF) - an international corporation that aims to (in their words) ‘foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world.’ 4) The World Bank - a group of global institution that give out loans for development or
        relief.
      - Products: Flows of physical goods from one country to another.
        
        Globalisation has caused product flows to
        become international, meaning products are produced by a country and then transported to
        another country.
        
        Products used to be produced mainly in HICs as they had money to manufacture
        (factories, raw materials etc.)
        
        Products are now traded internationally due to technological advancements, such as
        better transportation and communication.
        
        A lot of production has relocated internationally (known as offshoring) especially to low income countries (LICs). These countries often have lower labour costs and reduced taxes, enhancing profits for companies
        
        HICs import products from LICs, then sell them at much higher prices to make a profit.
        
        Emerging economies have increased the flows of consumer products to these
        countries, as there are more wealthy people.
      - CLIPS
      - Services: Services are ‘footloose’ industries, meaning they can locate anywhere without constraints from
        resources or other obstacles.
        
        There are two types of services, high level and low level.
        
        High level services: activities that generally require a higher skill level, meaning the person
        delivering the service should be qualified and trained.
        
        Low level services: services that require less training, and are not as important to consumers.