Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

B11 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - The pupils of your eyes to dilate to let more light in
      - Your mental awareness to increase
      - Stored glycogen in the liver to be converted to glucose for respiration
      - Blood to be diverted away from you digestive system to the big muscles of the limbs
      - Your heart rate and breathing rate to increase
- - - - Behind the stomach
      - Controls the levels of glucose
    - - At the top of both kidneys
      - Prepares the body for stressful situations - 'flight or fight' response
    - - In the brain
      - Controls growth in children, stimulates the thyroid gland to make thyroxine to control the rate of metabolism, in women - stimulates the ovaries to produce and release eggs and make the female sex hormone oestrogen. In men - stimulates the testes to make sperm and the male sex hormone testosterone.
      - Known as the master gland
    - - Base of neck
      - Controls the metabolic rate of the body
    - - Either side of the uterus
      - Controls the development of the female secondary sexual characteristics and is involved in the menstrual cycle.
    - - Under the penis
      - Controls the development of the male secondary sexual characteristics and is involved in the production of sperm
- - - - Found under your stomach and it monitors and controls your blood glucose levels.
      - It uses 2 hormones. The most common one is insulin
      - Insulin allows glucose to move from the blood into your cells.
      - Soluble glucose is converted to an insoluble carbohydrate called glycogen and this is converted back again when needed.
      - This means that your blood glucose stays stable within a narrow concentration range
      - When glycogen stores in the liver and muscles are full, excess glucose is converted into lipids and stored.
  - - - This is when the pancreas doesn't make enough insulin. Your blood glucose concentration is not controlled
      - Without insulin your blood glucose levels are high after you eat. This leads to glucose excretion in your urine. You feel thirsty all the time and produce a lot of urine.
      - You break down fat and protein instead, so you lose weight.
    - - More common as you get older and linked to obesity, lack of exercise or both.
      - There is a strong genetic tendency to develop type 2.
      - Pancreas still makes insulin but your bodies cells stop responding properly to the insulin you make.
- - - - These ovaries contain all the eggs she will ever have. Once the supply of eggs has run out, roughly 35-40 years later, she will go through menopause - she can no longer have children.
    - - Secondary characteristics of a female: growth spurt, hair under arms, public hair, breasts develop, external genitals grow and skin darkens, a fat is deposited on hips, buttocks and thighs, brain matures, mature eggs start to form every month, uterus grows and menstruation begins
      - Each month an egg matures in the ovary, uterus produces a thickened ling ready for pregnancy. Every 28 days a mature egg is released, ovulation. Unfertilised egg - 14 days later the lining of the uterus sheds along with the egg.
        
        LH stimulates the release of the egg at ovulation
        
        Oestrogen and progesterone stimulate the build-up and Maintenace of the uterus lining
        
        FSH causes the eggs in the ovary to mature
      - Oestrogen is produced by the ovaries. Rising levels of oestrogen trigger the development of the female secondary sexual characteristics. Between 8-14 years of age.
    - - Secondary characteristics of a male: growth spurt, hair under arms, public and facial hair, the larynx gets bigger and the voice
        breaks, the external genitalia and the skin darkens, the testes grow and become active, produce sperm, shoulders and chest broaden, brain matures
      - Testosterone is produced by the testes. This triggers the male secondary characteristics to develop. Between 9-15 years of age.
- - - - A pill taken by females to prevent pregnancy
      - Contains low doses of oestrogen and progesterone so