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CULTURAL GEOGRPAHY - Coggle Diagram
CULTURAL
GEOGRPAHY
Definition
Cultural
Shared patterns of learned behaviour that are passed on from generation to generation by imitation模仿, instruction指导, & example榜样
refers to the many shared characteristics that define a grp of ppl
is the way of life of a group of people who share similar beliefs and customs
Cultural Geography
study of the spatial distribution of culture
Eg, 语言, 沟通, rituals, roles, customs, practices values, manner of interacting, relationship
Cultural Change
文化持续变化并相互影响
Change in one culture可以影响其他文化
New inventions & technology可以改变文化
3 component关于文化改变
Acculturation文化适应
Process of one culture changing a great deal through its meeting with another culture yet remaining distinct相遇而发生巨大变化但仍保持独特性的过程
Also caused merging of cultures as a result of prolonged contact长期接触
Diffusion传播
Spreading out of 文化, culture traits, or a cultural pattern from a central point. 从中心点向外传播
Culture Hearth
: central location where ideas, inventions, and/or culture traits originate
can happen through trade, migrations, conquest征服, and mass communication
可以通过很多方式
Contagious 传染性
the spread of phenomenon to nearby places.
Hierarchical分层
movement of 现象 from one place to other places that have some similarities 通常从大城市到小城市
Relocation搬迁
the diffusion of a particular phenomenon that results from the migration of people who practice that 现象
Internet Diffusion
Assimilation同化
Process of a minority group gradually adopts逐渐接受the customs and attitudes of the prevailing culture主流文化
发生当某种文化的人surrounded by 一种不同的文化 for quite some time and 这个人决定忘记原来的文化 and adopt the new culture completely
Cultural Landscapes
cultural impact on an area, 包括建筑物, 农业模式, 道路, 以及人类创造的几乎所有其他东西
Popular Culture
流行文化
aspects of a culture that are widespread, fast-changing, and transmitted by the mass media
Money based economy prevails
以货币为基础的经济盛行
取代工业化国家和许多发展中国家的民间文化
Folk Culture
民俗文化
传统culture traitsal, no longer widely practiced by a large amount of ppl, and generally isolated in small (rural)
Strong family or clan structure and highly developed rituals
Example
Amish
.Have a simple living, plain
dress and reluctance to adopt 现代技术的许多便利
Appalachia
.生活非常接近自然，尤其是山区 & have a deeply held belief in God. They resist change.
What make a person’s culture?
是什么造就了一个人的文化？
1. Social Group
We all belong to multiple social groups,都有social status
most grps have rules of behaviour that 组员learn
Ethnic Group
grp that shares a 语言, 历史, 宗教, &一些physical traits.
These are the networks of relationships among people who live in a particular society. 影响个人互动, 建立关系, and abide by societal norms and expectations.
2. Language
Sharing a 语言其中一个最强大的unifying forces(同意力量) for a culture
Dialect
: a local form of a language that may have a distinct vocabulary and pronunciation. (Kelantan say kelantanese malay)
3. Religion
在许多文化中 religious beliefs and practices 帮助人们回答basic questions about life’s meaning
宗教提供a set of spiritual beliefs, rituals, and practices
不同宗教会影响the cultural practices of adherents信徒 in distinctive ways
4. History
历史shapes how a culture views itself and the world.
Cultural holidays enable people to celebrate their heritage (CNY, Deepavali, Thaipusam)
Stories about the 挑战&成功 of a culture support certain values and 帮助人们 develop cultural pride
5. Daily Life
This aspect of culture refers to the routine practices and behaviors of individuals in a society
It includes eating habits, dress codes, work routines, leisure activities, and social customs.
这些日常活动 reflect the cultural values and priorities of the community.
6. Arts
Arts not only entertain and inspire but also serve to communicate the emotional and ideological substance of a culture.
Arts encompass the various forms of creative expression that are valued by a culture 通过音乐, painting, sculpture, dance, and literature
7. Government
政府 fulfil the need to prevent conflict so 人们可以共同生活
政府的形成和 its principles reflect how a society organizes itself and governs its members. 这包括 the creation and enforcement of laws, the distribution of power, and the decision-making processes. 政府的结构可以深刻影响其他文化aspects such as personal freedoms and economic conditions.
8. Economy
People in every culture must earn a living.
经济涉及 the ways a culture 生产, 分配, and consumes商品&服务
经济系统can vary widely, from capitalism to socialism, and 影响一切from what ppl consume to how they work and what values are emphasized in their society.
Effects of 政治, 经济 & 社会因素toward Cultures
Political
政府系统 may forbid 宗教活动, prohibit language spoken by indigenous people, forbid type of clothing, impose a specific religion, etc.)
Social Factor
a region’s value system might contradict a religion’s ideals, a region’s education system may prohibit cultural practices
Economic
the diffusion of economic practices might go against a people’s value system, or customs and traditions.
Global Change
Individual economies now rely greatly upon each other for 资源&市场
As global culture grows, local cultures become less important.
Recent advances in 通信 & 科技helped break down barriers between culture regions
Globalization
: the development of a worldwide culture with an interdependent economy
"Our world in not for sale" 并不是所有人都对世界文化的同质化以及全球公司和资本的影响感到高兴。 近年来，such protest on anti-globalization 在世界各地举行多次。