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The Secret Police - Coggle Diagram
The Secret Police
Andropov
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Goal was to control dissidents, minority of citizens who refused to comform to expectations of Soviet regime -> strategy was to achieve maximum control through a minimum of violence
No return to mass terror of Civil War or Stalin -> Andropov keen to expose and prosecure corruption -> Brezhnev less sympathetic to this
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Repressive psychiatry
Less well-known figures sent to psychiatric institutions for compulsary treatment -> expanded under Brezhnev
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Stalin
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Genrikh Yagoda appointed head of NKVD in July 1934 -> responsible for leading hunt for enemies of Party
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Yezhov and the new NKVD
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New NKVD agents recruited the new agents -> didn't have loyalty to Party + no ideological opposition to terror -> many simply enjoyed the power and violence or wanted promotion
Yezhovshchina
Terror attacked all aspects of Soviet life -> around 1.5M arrested by NKVD -> 635,000 deported and over 680,000 executed
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Beria's police
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1942 -> Beria ordered mass deportation of Kalmyks -> Stalin feared they would welcome German invasion
1944 -> Beria ordered deportation to Siberia of all 460,000 Cechens from homeland -> those unable to leave were locked in stables and barns + burned alive
After WW2
1945 - NKVD interrogated 1.5M prisoners of war -> Stalin viewed them as traitors -> Most deported to Siberia
'Leningrad Affair' - 1949 - Stalin launched purge against officials in Leningrad Party -> claimed they acted independently
'The Doctors' Plot' - 1952 and 1953, many of Stalin's medical staff arrested for trying to 'posion Stalin'
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Lenin
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Role of Cheka
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January 1918 -> closed down Constituent Assembly -> democratically elected parliament dominated by Communist rivals + SRs
Didn't enforce law - not bound by it - dispenced 'revolutionary justice' allowing them to act arbitrarily
1917-21
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Closed down opposition newspapers - imprisoend + tortured + executed socialist opponents of new government
Used extreme violence against opponents during CW - members of white army, turned into ice statues, priests tortured
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Religious, moral + economic crimes
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