Additionally, a study that examined links between mobile dating app use and self- esteem showed that male Tinder users, in particular, reported sig- nificantly lower self-esteem compared to non-users. Interestingly, this was not the case for female users, as their self-esteem did not sig- nificantly differ from non-users’ self-esteem (Strubel & Petrie, 2017). In general, female users receive more validation wherein they are more likely to experience matches and other-instigated conversations com- pared to male users (Timmermans & Courtois, 2018), which might partially explain why only male dating app users report lower self-es- teem compared to non-users, as they are less likely to receive validation from other users in the form of matches and other-instigated con- versations.