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ALCOHOL, Oxidizing Agent, ALKENE, Primary alcohol + [O] → Aldehyde + Water…

- - - - Ketone + Hydrogen → Secondary Alcohol
      - Reducing Agent
        
        Lithium Tetrahydridoaluminate(III),LiAlH4 in dry ather at 0°C, followed by hot , dilute acid
        
        Sodium Tetrahydridoborate(III), NaBH4 in Methanol, followed by Water
        
        Sodium in Ethanol at room temperature
        
        Zinc in Hydrochloric Acid at room temperature
        
        Hydrogen Gas Bubbled
      - Temperature
        
        180 °C
      - Catalyst
        
        Nickel, Ni
    - - Condition
        
        10-20 °C
      - Ketone + Hydrogen Cyanide → Hydroxynitriles
    - - Ketone + Sodium Hydrogensulphide → Hydrogensulphite
        Addition Compounds
    - - Ketone + 1º-amines/Ammonia → Imine
        derivatives + Water
    - - Observation : yellow-orange precipitate formed
- - - - Reducing Agent
        
        Sodium Tetrahydridoborate(III), NaBH4 in Methanol, followed by Water
        
        Sodium in Ethanol at room temperature
        
        Zinc in Hydrochloric Acid at room temperature
        
        Lithium Tetrahydridoaluminate(III),LiAlH4 in dry ather at 0°C, followed by hot , dilute acid
        
        Hydrogen Gas Bubbled
      - Aldehyde + Hydrogen → Primary Alcohol
      - Temperature
        
        180 °C
      - Catalyst
        
        Nickel, Ni
    - - CARBOXYLIC ACID
      - Aldehyde + [O] → Carboxylic Acid + Water
      - Oxidizing Agent
        
        Acidified potassium dichromate (VI)
        
        Chromic anhydride CrO3/H+
        
        Alkaline/acidified potassium manganate (VII)
    - - Condition
        
        10-20 °C
      - Akdehyde + Hydrogen Cyanide → Hydroxynitriles
    - - Aldehyde + Sodium Hydrogensulphide → Hydrogensulphite
        Addition Compounds
    - - Aldehyde + 1º-amines/Ammonia → Imine
        derivatives + Water
    - - CH3CHO + 2[Ag(NH3)2]+ + OH- → CH3COO- + 2Ag(s) + 2NH4+ + 2NH3
      - Observation
        
        Colourless → Silver mirror formed on the wall of then test tube
    - - CH3CHO + 2Cu+ + 5OH- → CH3COO- + Cu2O +2H2O
      - Observation
        
        Deep blue colour → Brick red precipitate
    - - Observation : yellow-orange precipitate formed