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Mumbai case study - Coggle Diagram
Mumbai case study
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natural disasters
flooding
India has a monsoon climate which is a long dry season followed b a period of intence rainfall. 5rivers flow through Mumbai yet Mumbai has limated room to expand meaning the new developments have been built on flood plains. Mumbai experiences tropical storms which bring heavy rainfall and storm surges.
techtonic hazards
it is located in a seismically active area, so it is at risk from earthquakes, although they are quite rare. Earthquakes can cause tsunamis, Mumbai is a low lying area so a tsunarmi could cause extencive damage.
slum areas are more vunerable to natural disasters than richer areas. Slums are poorly constructed and often built on flood plains.
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Mumbai inequality
Antilla is a 27 story home worth $1billion owned by a chairman of an energy conglomerate. However, within a short distance there is a slum development called Byculla which is inhabited by 9 million slum dwellers surviving on less than $2 a day.
this is because of lack of govermental control over the cities expantion. Poor acess to housing, informal employment and a lack of law and regulations. As well as a lack of services provided to the poorest areas.
the future
Economic growth has brought wealth to many in Mumbai and new housing prodjects are tying to adress the shortage of housing. However, this mega city is struggaling to cope with its growth. Services are streched or none existant, air and water supplier are poluted and inequality is growing. The Indian goverment has promised to make cities like Mumbai smarter in terms of the economy and enviroment.
physical enviroment
Mumbai is severely constricted by its physical geography with many creek systems, mountains land and mangroves. This is one reason Mumbai is so densely populated and has had to build upwards.
slums
There are many informal slum areas in Mumbai but Dharavi in centeral Mumbai is the msot famous. Untill the late 19th century this area was a mangrove swamp used by fishermen before it was filled in. At first Dharavi thrived, it was home to thousands of industries including garment makes, tanneries, welders and potters. However, the living and working conditions were very poor. Years of govermental reglect have resulted in inadequate hygene standards and over population. Housing quality is poor and lacks basic infastructure. Each toilet is shared by over 1000 residents. 60% of Mumbair residents live in slums.
urban planning
Unlike many cities, Mumbais slums sit at the very heart of the economic activity in the urban core. This has resulted in a unique geography where packed single story slum dwellings border the cities expencive high rise buildings. 60% of people in Mumbai but in contrast over 1/4of all Indias millionairs like in Mumbai.