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electricity made by: Kiran and Aitor, image, image, image, image, image,…
electricity made by: Kiran and Aitor
electrical energy
electricity is a form of energy that lets negative charged particles move
electrical current is the flow of electrons
Electrical enrgy is the most common form of energy because it is easy to obtain
Conductors and insulators
conductors are materials that let electricity flow through them
insulators are materials that dont let electricity flow through them
representing circuits electrical schematics
we represent it with by a very simple drawing called an electric schematic
Motor converts energy to kinetick energy
converts energy to sound
lamp canverts energy to light
resistor a load device that opposes the electric current it converts it to heat
battery a group of set cells
wire the component that the elctric curent flows through
cell supplies electrical energy to the rest of the circuit , cells have a positive terminal and negative terminal thus lets supply energy
One way switch open or close the circuit when they are pressed
push switch open or close the switch the circuit when they are pressed
two way switch have two positions when we press them they cjange change from one position to another
Electric circuits.Components
An electric circuit is a series of interconected components that an electric current flows through to produce an effect
Load devices components that recive the electrical energy from the power and convert it to other types of energy
Conductors, components that transport the elctrical energy
power sources Components that supply the necesary electrical energy to the rest
open and closed circuits cicuits are controlled by switches that open and close the circuit when pressed
a circuit is open when the energy of the power source cannot reach the load devies
open circuit: offthe lamp is not lit the electric current does not flow
a circuit is closed when the enrgy of the power surce reaches the load devices so the electric current flows
closed circuit on the lamp is lit the elctric current flows and reaches the lamp to light it
in more complex circuits the easiest way to see whether a circuit is closed or open follow an imaginary path
short circuits in a electric circuit a short circuit occurs when the electric current is transported by the wire without passing through a load of the devices.
to detect a short circuit, a short circuit, we need to remember that electrons alwais take the easiest path
in a circuit with a cell if we connect the terminals without passing through a load device, the cell will run down but it will have no effect
Main electric variables ohm law
current this is the intesety ofthe current or the amaunt of electrons flowing through a conductor over a certain time
voltage this is the diference in the charge between two points positive and negative wich makes the elctron move
resistance this is the opposition to the flow of the electric current its unit of mesurament is the ohm Ω
ohms law this is the ecuation wich states
The current in a circuit is directly proportional to the electric potential difference impressed across its ends and inversely proortional to the total resistance offered by the external circuit
Series-parallel combination circuits, these circuits contain devices connected in series parallel
parallel circuits in these circuits the load devices are connected on different branches of the wire. There are several possible paths for the electric current to flow.
series circuits in these circuits all the components are connected one after the other, this way all the current flows through all the load devices
Solving circuits to learn how to solve circuits we gernerally begin with circuits composed only of the cells and resistor.
The circuit formedwith the equivalent resistors is called equivalent circuit, we can obtan two things
The currents flowing through the circuits
The potential dro
ps taking place across the components
resistance: the equivalent resistance is equal to sum of all resistance in the circuit
Currents: the currents flowing throuhg all the resistors in the circuit and is equal to the current of the equivalent circuit
Voltages: the total voltage delivered by the power source is the sum of the potential drops across each of the resistors
circuits
Resistance the inverse of the equivalent ressistance is equal to the sum of the inverses f all resistances in the circuits
currents the current of the equivalent circuit is equal to the sum of the currents flowing across eachof te resistors
voltages the total voltage delivered by the power source is the sum of the
series circuits
resistance: the equivalent resistance is equal to the sum of all resistances in the circuit
currents the current flowing through all he resistors i the circuit is the same and is equal to the current of the equivalent circuit
voltages the total voltage delivered by the power source is the sum of the potential drops across each of the resistors
series circuits
parallel circuits
currents the current of the equivalent circuitis equal to thesum of the currents flowing across each of the resistors
voltages the total voltage delivered by the power source is de same as the potetial drops across each of the resistors
resistance the inverse of the equivalen resistance is equal to the sum of the inverses of all resistances in the circuiys
conerting electrical energy
light we can convert electricity to light through load of devices such as incadescent lamps.
heat,when electrons move through a conductor or load device, they create friction with the material as they pass through wich produces heat
motion we can also convert electricity to motion by using a motor. The effec obtained when we make an electrical current flow through a motor is that its shaft turns in a rotary motion.
sound we can use electrical energy to transmit sounds through microphone and we can produce sound affects through sirens.
load devices
lamp light energy
resistor heat energy
motor kinetic energy
buzzer sound energy
energy and enviromet
enviromental impact
many stations have an impact on the atmosphere because they polue and add to the greenhouse effect. the use of renewable energy is being used as an alternative
responsible use of the electrical energy
when we save energy we save money too but more importantly we help the planet saving natural resources
Ohms law
currents
