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BASIC ELECTRICITY, image - Coggle Diagram
BASIC ELECTRICITY
2 Electric circuits
Load devices
EXAMPLES
MOTOR
LAMP
BUZZER
RESISTOR
These components recieve the electric energy
Control devices
These devices control and regulate the circuit
EXAMPLES
Push switch
One way switch
Two way switch
Conductors
These devices transport the energy trough the circuit
These components are usually wires of cooper
Power sources
Give energy to the circuit
EXAMPLES
CELL
BATTERY
TYPES OF CIRCUITS
The circuits can have different characteristics
There are three types of circuits
Series Circuit
In this type, the components are connected one after one
In this type, all the electricity is shared among all the components
Parallel circuits
The components are connected on different branchess
The most of electricity goes tomthe shortest branche
Series-Parallel circuits
These circuits are connected by parallel and in series
5 Converting Electrical Energy
Electrical energy can be converted into other types of energy
LIGHT
To convert electricity to light we use the lamps
HEAT
To convert electricity to heat we use the resistors
MOTION
to convert electricity to kinetic energy we use the motors
SOUND
To convert electricity to sound we use the buzzers
4 OHM´S LAW
Ohm´s law says thet the electricity has three main variables
CURRENT
This is the amount of electrons of the current, and this produces the intensity of the current
We measure this by the Amperes (A)
VOLTAGE
It´s the difference between positive terminal and negative terminal, this makes the electrons move
The unit of measurement is volt (V)
RESISTANCE
This is the opposition of the current to flow
The unit of measurement is Ohm´s (Ω)
The formula of Ohm´s law is that Current is equal to Voltage divided by the resistance
6 Energy and the enviroment
How do we can consume less energy ?
Replace all electrical appliances with more efficient ones, labelled " class A "
Use domestic appliances only when they are full
Replace incandescent bulbs with low energy bulbs
Always switch off electronic equipments like televisions or computers instead of living them in standby mode
Every day we use electricity, the production, consumition or transportation of electricity can have a very important impact
1 Electrical energy
How is it make?
All materials are made by atoms
Atoms are made by...
Electrons
The movement of this molecules, produce electricity
Protons
Neutrons
ELECTIRIC CURRENT
Is the flow of electons from one atom to another inside a conductive material
What is a conductive material?
Depending of the conductivity, it can be
Conductors
They conduct electricity and heat
Cooper
Aluminium
Gold
Insulators
They don´t conduct electricity
Plastic
Wood
Cardboard
3 Representing electric circuits
These shemes are represented by a very simple drawing called electrical schematics
Depending of the components, they can be different types of circuits
How do they work?
Depending of the switch the current can pass or not
Open
If the switch is open, the current can´t flow, because the electricity can´t pass
Close-
If the switch is closed, the current can pass trough the wires
Closed circuits
The electrons always pass trough the shorter path, this means that we can put a bulb but not necesary the bulb will turn on
