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Sleep research, Outline SST discussion, Introduce SST interest, Discuss…

- - - - sleep deprivation before and after learning impairs memory
- - - - living against circadian clock is associated with many melatonin unrelated patholohies so additional etiologies must link cancer and shift work
- - - - normal physio changes but some sensitive
      - alterations in cycling or missing stages -> disorders
      - spike in blood pressure and heart rate following K complexes in NREM sleep
    - - changes in cycling pattern -> sleep walking
      - cortex incompletely arouses from deep NREM
        
        impaired arousal mechanisms paired with persistence of sleep drive prevents full transition to wakefulness. Most often from N3 sleep
      - intrinsic oscillations in NREM with arousal and quiescence.
        
        SW/ST patients have increased number of CAP cycles (Cyclic alternating pattern) and higher CAP rate whoch isa. measure of NREM instability
      - alternative explanation: disordered transition from N3 to REM
- - - - critical eye: studies often did not report occupation
- - - - better protected NREM, less disruptive awakenings
      - consider pubertal age for sleep in adolescence
  - - - Altevogt and Colten (2006)
    - - old age = worse efficiency and quality
      - decrease in melatonin, could be due to deterioration of hypothalamus
- - - - many studies do not report sunrise time relative to SST in the studies
- - - - found in both cross sectional and longitudinal studies
- - - - mood dis (with worse symptoms)., anxiety, substance use, sleep apea, asthma, type 2 diabetes, infertility, earlier death
        
        behaviour plays a role (smoke and drink more etc)
    - - Roenneberg and Marrow (2016)
        
        entrained phases (chronotypes) distribution is largely derived from genetic polymorphisms in clock genes + environment
        
        variance in chronotypes enlarged from weak zeitgebers charcateristic of modern life
- - - - alternative hypothesis: one core function, with adventitious functions
    - - for rats in total deprivation, still sleep 10% of time in microsleeps
      - seems impossible to totally deprive animals of sleep, "dormiveglia" (sleepwake) occurs which is dysfunctional
    - - easier to study in humans but found in some animals (birds, rodents) too