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STF3033 Environmental Impact Assessment Case Study - Coggle Diagram
STF3033 Environmental Impact Assessment Case Study
The minimum size of the activity for each order requires EIA
Environmental Quality (Prescribed Activities) (Environmental Impact Assessment) Order 2015:
Development of agricultural estates or plantations covering an area of 500 hectares or more.
Development of resorts, recreational or tourism facilities covering an area of 10 hectares or more but less than 30 hectares.
Expansion of an aerodrome involving a runway of 1,000 metres or longer.
Logging, or cutting or taking of timber for conversion from forest to other land use: 100 hectares or more but less than 500 hectares.
Environmental Quality (Prescribed Activities) (EIA) Order 1987: :
Development of agricultural estates or plantations covering an area of 500 hectares or more.
Construction of airports with an airstrip of 2,500 metres or longer.
Construction of dams and man-made lakes and artificial enlargement of lakes with surface areas of 200 hectares or more.
Drainage of wetland, wildlife habitat or of virgin forest covering an area of 100 hectares or more.
P.U. (A) 195:
Production capacity of each product or combined products of 100 tonnes or more per day in the chemical industry.
Mining of minerals in new areas where the mining lease covers a total area in excess of 250 hectares.
-Port expansion involving an increase of 50% or more in handling capacity per annum.
Conversion of mangrove swamps for industrial, housing or agricultural use covering an area of 50 hectares or more.
3 effective mitigation measures to minimize the impact of the selected prescribed activity
Reforestation and Habitat Restoration:
Implement reforestation programs to restore cleared areas and create wildlife corridors to mitigate the loss of habitat caused by agricultural expansion.
Sustainable Land Use Practices:
Promote sustainable agricultural practices such as agroforestry, crop rotation, and integrated pest management to reduce the need for further deforestation and minimize environmental impacts.
Buffer Zones and Set-Asides:
Establish buffer zones around sensitive areas, wetlands, and water bodies to protect them from agricultural activities, and designate set-aside areas for conservation to maintain biodiversity and ecosystem services.
The similarities and differences of the selected prescribed activity among the three Orders
SIMILARITIES
The prescribed activities mentioned falls under Second Schedule for each act.
All three orders require the submission of mitigation proposals or EIA reports for prescribed activities.
There are emphasization on the need for public display and comment on certain activities.
DIFFERENCES
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT 1974: ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY (PRESCRIBED ACTIVITIES) (ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT) ORDER 2015
Mentions about land development that involves changes in agricultural use (crop use).
Does not mention whether the units of measurement of area in the Schedule are the minimum area required for an individual to engage in the prescribed activity or not.
Specifies minimum sizes for activities triggering EIA.
THE NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT ORDINANCE: THE NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT (PRESCRIBED ACTIVITIES) ORDER 1997
Does not mention about land development that involves changes in agricultural use (crop use).
The units of measurement of area in the Schedule are the minimum area required for an individual to engage in the prescribed activity.
Does not provide specific size requirements.
ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION ENACTMENT 2002: ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION (PRESCRIBED ACTIVITIES) (ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT) ORDER 2005
Mentions about land development that involves changes in agricultural use (crop use).
Focuses on activities related to natural resources and the environment, potentially differing in scope from the other two orders.
The units of measurement of area in the First and Second Schedule are the minimum area required for an individual to engage in the prescribed activity.
3 major negative impacts of project developments that cause forest fragmentation and deforestation
Agricultural Expansion:
Development of agricultural estates or plantations covering large areas can lead to forest fragmentation and deforestation, especially when wetland forests are converted for agricultural use.
Logging Activities:
Logging or timber extraction from forests, especially at lower elevations, can result in significant forest loss and fragmentation, impacting the ecosystem and biodiversity.
Housing and Industrial Development:
Establishment of housing, commercial, or industrial estates on forested lands, particularly on hills or wetlands, can contribute to forest fragmentation and deforestation, altering the landscape and habitats.
One prescribed activity from the three Orders relevant to the case study
Development of agricultural estates or plantations covering an area exceeding 500 hectares from land under secondary or primary forests, as specified in the First Schedule of the Environmental Quality (Prescribed Activities) Order 2015
GROUP 1(3)
Qistina Adriana binti Hasran (73794)
Alessandra Nasharyna anak George Martin (78721)
Grace Elia Basen anak Jackery (78003)
Sofia Rani A/P Sevalinggam (81262)
Nurul Ilyana binti Mohd Nizam (80879)
Ahmad Soffian Adlan bin Badruddin (78667)