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BLOOD BANKING, Deferral List, TEXT, PROCEDURE (WVMC):, TEXT, Idiopathic…

- - - - For depleted coagualation factors
        
        Factor V
        
        Liver dse
  - - - Platelet rich plasma = ➡️
        
        Whole blood = ➡️
        
        Light spinned
        3200xg 2-3min
        
        Heavy spinned
        3600xg 5min.
    - - Hemorrhagic episode
        during chemo
- - - - FISHER-RACE
        
        individual inherits a set of Rh for each gene 🧬
        → a combination: haplotype
      - WIENER
        
        single gene produces a single product that contains recognizable factors
      - ROSENFIELD
      - ISBT
        
        1st three numbers: system
        Last three numbers: antigenic specificity
  - - - IgG
        Clinically Significant
        
        Duffy (008)
        
        Kidd (009)
        
        Kell (006)
        Kx (019)
        
        McLeod
        
        Lutheran (005)
      - IgM
        NOT Clinically Significant
        
        MNS (002)
        Chromosome 4
        
        Lewis (007)
        Chromosome 19
        
        I (027)
        
        P
        P1Pk (003)
    - - Diego (010)
        Chromosome 17
      - Yt (011)
      - Xg (012)
      - Scianna/ SC (013)
      - Dombrock (014)
      - Colton (015)
      - Chido/ Rodgers (017)
      - Gerbich (020)
      - Cromer (021)
      - Knops (022)
      - Indian (023)
      - John Kilton Hagen (026)
- - - - DOSAGE:
        Kidd
        Duffy
        Rh (except D)
        MNS
        Lutheran
      - Enzyme Treated Cells
        
        Enhanced ✨
        (RKLIPA)
        
        Rh
        
        Kidd
        
        Colton
        
        Lewis
        
        P
        
        I
        
        ABO
        
        Domrock
        
        Destroyed 😵
        (NMD)
        
        Duffy
        
        MNs
        
        Xg
        
        Chido/Rodgers
        
        Unaffected 😶
        
        Kell
      - Neutralization
        
        Anti-P1
        
        Hydatid cyst
        
        Pigeon droppings
        
        Turtle doves’ egg whites
        
        Anti-Lewis
        
        Saliva
        
        Plasma/ Serum
        
        Anti-Chido, Anti-Rogers
        
        Serum
        
        Anti-Sda
        
        Urine
        
        Anti-I
        (I= Individualism)
        
        Human breast milk
      - Adsorption
        Removal of Ab from Serum
        
        Autoadsorption
        
        Alloadsorption
      - Elution
        Removal of Ab from RBCs
      - IgM
        (Not clinically significant;
        can bind complement)
        
        IgG
        (Clinically significant;
        cannot bind complement)
        
        ABO
        Rh
        Kell
        Duffy
        Kidd
        SsU
        
        I
        M
        N
        P
        Le
    - - III. Tube Method
        
        3 Phases
        
        Immediate Spin
        Detects Cold Abs at RT (IgM)
        
        🟡🟡🔴.
        
        🔄 15-30 sec
        💨 3500 RPM
        
        2 drop of serum sa tube
        1 drop washed 5% suspension
        
        Donor RBCs :no_entry: Px SERUM
        
        37C phase
        IgG Abs will sensitize in any rgnt RBCs that possesses target Ag
        (IgG)
        
        Enhancement Media/Potentiators
        
        PEG: removes H2O = conc. Ab
        
        LISS: ⬇️ zeta potential
        
        22% Albumin: due to macromolecules
        
        AHG
        Coomb’s Test
        
        Reagents
        
        Monospecific AHG
        Hybridoma Technology
        (ginagamit sa lab!)
        
        1 more item...
        
        Polyspecific AHG
        Conventional Method
        
        1 more item...
        
        FACTORS that affect AHG test
        
        Reaction medium/ enhancement media
        
        Albumin: negativity charged since protein (adds repulsion) = false NEG
        Incubation: 30-60mins
        
        LISS: decreases ions (?); Elution OR Adsorption
        Incubation: 15-30mins
        3. Polyethylene Glycol: surfactant; glycine: hydrophilic
        
        Temperature
        
        Majority of IgG best react in 37C
        
        Unless biphasic: bind @ 4°C, hemolyze @ 37°C
        
        IAT lang ang may incubation (in vitro sensitization)
        
        Incubation Time
        
        10 -15min = LISS & PEG
        
        30min = majority
        
        30 - 60min = If cells suspended in saline soln' (WVMC)
        
        Washing of RBCs
        
        removal of excess Abs
        
        1 more item...
        
        Saline Washing
        
        Saline should be fresh and buffered to pH 7.2-7.4
        
        Centrifugation
        
        ⏫ RCF = ⬆️ sensitivity
        
        but... optimum RCF gd dapat to avoid false-pos
        
        inadequate resuspension causes false-pos
        
        Antiglobulin Tests
        
        IAT
        
        2 more items...
        
        DAT
        
        1 more item...
        
        FALSE Results
        
        FALSE POSITIVE:
        
        Overcentrifuge!!!
        
        FALSE NEGATIVE:
        
        Excess Ab & Proteins!!! or wala nagwash 🤷‍♀️
        
        GRADING
        
        1+
        
        numerous medium/ small agglutinates
        w/ turbid background
        
        2+
        
        medium agglutinates
        w/ clear background
        
        3+
        
        several large agglutinates
        w/ clear background
        
        4+
        
        solid agglutinate
        w/ clear background
      - II. Column Agglutination Technology
        
        Polyacrylamide gel (PAGE) traps agglutination
        GRADING:
        4+: well defined band @ gel
        3+: medium sized clumps
        2+: small-medium clumps
        1+: small clumps @ lower half
        mf: discard, (perform again???)
        *Negative: well-defined pellet @ bottom of gel
      - I. Solid Phase Red Cell Adherence
  - - - Donor’s PLASMA + Patient’s RBCs
    - - Donor’s RBCs + Patient’s SERUM
- - - - 1 unit = inc 1 g/dL Hb; 3% Hct
        
        QC = Hct approx. ≤ 80%
        (70–80%)
- - - - QC = Hct approx. 40%
- - - - QC = Hct approx. ≤ 80%
        (70–80%)
- - - - QC = 5 x 10^6 WBCs
        ≥ 85% RBC recovery
- - - - 25 Gy to center of canister;
        No less than 15 Gy delivered to
        any part of the blood unit
        
        *Irradiation is generally performed using
        Cesium-137 or Cobalt-60*
        
        Expiration date: 28 days from time of irradiation
- - - - 80% RBC recovery
        < 1% glycerol
        < 300 mg hgb
- - - - Scianna
        
        Dombrock
        
        Colton
        
        Chido/ Rodgers
        
        Gerbich
        
        Cromer
        
        2 more items...
        
        Antigens are carried on sialoglycoprotein structures GPC and GPD
        
        Found on Complement 4 (C4) and are absorbed onto RBCs from plasma
        
        On integral membrane aquaporin 1
        
        Antigens are carried on the mono-ADP ribosyltransferase 4 (ART4)
        
        STAR, SCER, and SCAN are among its antigens
      - Gene carried on the short arm of X-chromosome (“X-linked”)