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Adrenal Steroids - Coggle Diagram
Adrenal Steroids
Adverse effects
هatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome
insomnia, behavioral changes (primarily hypomania
acute psychosis
acute peptic ulcers
Acute pancreatitis
Metabolic Effects
given daily doses of 100 mg
longer than 2 weeks
iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome
associated with depression and the development of posterior subcapsular cataracts.
Increased intraocular pressure
glaucoma
Benign intracranial hypertension
some sodium and fluid retention and loss of potassium
hypokalemic, hypochloremic alkalosis and eventually to a rise in blood pressure.
edema
المزعجين
Beclometasone, fluticasone,
potent soluble steroids suitable for use by inhalation for asthma
mometasone
budesonide, and
ciclesonide
Prednisolone
has little sodiumretaining activity
standard choice for antiinflammatory
Methylprednisolone
IV
Hydrocortisone (cortisol)
deficiency, allergy or inflammatory disease
suspension (Hydrocortisone Acetate Inj.) is available for intra-articular injection.
Fluorinated corticosteroids
triamcinolone
no sodium-retaining (mineralocorticoid) effec
Muscle wasting may occasionally be severe
Anorexia and mental depression
Fludrocortisone
synthetic
stimulates sodium retention
can replace aldosterone when the adrenal cortex is destroyed
drug of choice in most patients with autonomic neuropathy
Dexamethasone and betamethasone
longer acting than prednisolone
used for therapeutic adrenocortical suppression
Aldosterone
(t½ 20 min)
natural salt retaining hormone
not available for therapeutic use.
Spironolactone
competitive mineralocorticoid (aldosterone) antagonist
treatment of primary hyperaldosteronism,
diuretic in resistant hypertension
oedema is due to secondary hyperaldosteronism, e.g. cirrhosis, congestive
cardiac failure
Eplerenone
greater selectivity than spironolactone for the
mineralocorticoid than androgen receptor
has lower efficacy in blocking aldoster
need to be used together with
amiloride