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learning psychology practical investigation, EVALUATION OF LEARNING…
learning psychology practical investigation
AIM
to investigate whether gender affects the size of car a person drives
direct hypothesis -
there will be significantly more men who drive large cars than women
non-directional hypothesis -
there will be a difference between men and women in the size of car they drive
null hypothesis -
there will be no difference between men & women in the size of car, any difference will be due to chance
METHOD
20 ppts - 10 pairs
opportunity sampling
target population - drivers on the ring round outside of college at 12:30pm on a thursday
IV
- no IV as nothing was manipulated
DV
- car size and gender
covert & structured observation
operationalisation
large car
= a car with 4 doors
small car
= a car with 2 doors
PROCEDURE
materials:
pen
paper
table of expected behaviour
watch
1)
standing by the ring road in pairs
2)
observe cars - noting:
size
driver
colour of car
speed
3)
cars are observed for 10 minutes
ETHICS & CONTROLS
study was confidential as we didnt gather any personal information
controls:
time of day (midday)
operationalised definitions of what makes a car big or small
position - researcher's view wasnt obstructed
QUANTITATIVE RESULTS
large cars
men → 9
women → 4
small cars
men → 3
women → 6
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
chi squared was used because:
nominal data (man/woman, big/small car)
independent measures design
level of IV (difference between each condition)
established difference between M/F with car size
critical value conclusion:
at the
0.05 significance level
using a
one tailed hypothesis
, the results for this research
arent significant
as the
observed value
of
2.75
is less than the
critical value
of
3.41
EVALUATION OF LEARNING PRACTICAL
GENERALISABILITY
the study has low generalisability as the sample only consisted of 22 cars, which means that if there were anomalies in the data, it'd skew the results
RELIABILITY
the study is high in reliability as it uses a standardised procedure in operationalizing brands of car, set times and parameters etc. This means someone could repeat the study and find similar results
APPLICATION
the study can be applied to help advertisers know which types of cars to market towards men and women, this will aid in increased business and profit
VALIDITY
the study has high validity as the observations were done in pairs, meaning that the data can be compared and correlated
the study is low in validity as its subjective, since the method was an observation, its possible that researchers may have missed or incorrectly noted cars. This reduces the validity as it means that some data may not be accurate
confounding variables such as poor eyesight, knowledge of brands, car speed etc were not accounted for - eg: car could be going too fast for researchers to be able to note down information
ETHICS
the study is low in ethics as the observed people werent given consent to take part as they were unaware that they were being obsered, menaing no informed consent was obtained
the study is high in ethics as no personal information was documented about the vehicle owners, and they were observed from a distance
based on brand of car
Narrow sample
standardised procedure/operationalisation
advertising
inter-rater?
subjectivity
informed consent
confidentiality
confounding variables