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Cell Structure and Transport - Coggle Diagram
Cell Structure and Transport
Animal and Plant Cells
In the plant cells ther are 3 more parts as well as the 5 in animal cells. These are - Cells Wall, Vacuole and Chloroplasts.
Furthermore, the chloroplasts in plant cells are the producers of energy which they do through photosythesis.
The animal cells have a lot less parts to them than plant cells. They only have 5 parts - Cell Membrane, Mitochondria, Nucleus, Ribosomes and the Cytoplasm.
In these cells the DNA is stored inside the nucleus. Inside the cell wall there is also something called cellulose which is for keeping the cell upright.
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic cells are complex cells with a nucleuse. An example of these are the plant and animal cells.
Prokaryotic cells are simple cells which do not have much structure. An example of these is bacteria and archaea.
Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. They have a nucleoid which is is just a space of the DNA strands
Eu - You. We are complex so eukaryotic. Easy way to remember.
Microscopy
Microscopy is a technique to visualize cells and subcellular structures that cannot be seen with the naked eye.
Magnification is the number of times bigger the image appears to the object.
The order of size goes - Metres, Millimetres, Micrometres and then finally Nanometres
Resolution is the ability to distinguish two seperate points as distinct from each other.
The equation for magnification is
magnification = image size / object size
Diffusion
The purpose of diffusion is to make things equal. It wants to kove things from a high concentration to a low concentration until they are the same concentration.
Lots of factors effect diffusion but here are the main three - the increased temperature will increase the speed, The increased surface area will decrease the speed and the larger concentraion tgradient there is the shortr amount of time it will take.
Diffusion is the spreading out of particles in a gas or a liquid. Diffusion is alwyas going down a concentration gradient.
Osmosis
In the practical you get parts of a potato and put them in different concentartions of solute. You are trying to figure out if the mass changes depending on the solution. In pure water it should increase and in pursolute it should recrease.
There are 3 types of solution. Hypotonic, Hypertonic and Isotonic. Hypotonic means there is a high water concentration outside the cell. Hypertonic means there is a low water concentration outside the cell. Finally, Isotonic means there is the same concentration of water both in and out the cell.
Osmosis is the movement of water across a partially permeable membrane from a high water concentration to a low. Basically just diffusion in water.