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Chapter 3: Exploring Diversity Of Matter By Its Chemical Composition,…

- - - - Each element is given a chemical symbol
      - A chemical symbol is a shortened form for the name of the element
      - It takes one or two letters from the name of the element it represents
      - An element has only one chemical symbol
      - Every element is given a chemical symbol
      - E.g. for Helium, the chemical symbol is He.
        -Chemical symbol takes one or two letters from the name of the name of the element
        -For two-letter symbols, they may not always be the first two letters of the name of the element
        -First letter is always uppercase and the letter that follows in is lower case
      - The chemical names and chemical symbols of all elements can be easily found in the Periodic Table.
      - The elements are arranged in columns and row
        --Vertical columns are known as group e.g. Group 1,2, ...13,14,15,16,17,18 and
        -Horizontal rows are known as periods
        
        What is the chemical symbol for
        1) Hydrogen: H
        2) Calcium: Ca
        3) Zinc: Zn
        4) Iron: Fe
        5) Silver: Ag
        6) Gold: Au
        
        Elements can also be classified by their states
        and as metal or non-metals.
        
        Classifying Elements by States
        
        A simple way to classify elements is to observe their physical states at room temperature.
        
        Classifying Elements as Metals or Non-metals
        
        2 more items...
        
        The properties of elements have helped scientists and researchers to use metls and non-metals for various purposes
- - - - Homogenous
      - No residue after filtration (particles cannot be seen)
      - Solute and solvent will not separate when left to stand (the solute does not settle to form sold deposits)
      - Light can pass through fully
    - - Non-homogenous
      - Residue presenet after filtration (insoluble substances can be seen)
      - Solute and solvent will separate when left to stand (insoluble substances settle to form solid deposits)
      - Light cannot pass through fully
  - - - Elements: ONLY ONE TYPE OF ELEMENT
      - Formation: NSTURAL OCCURING
      - Proportion of constituents, Properties of constituents, Separation of constituents: - (NIL)
    - - Composition: TWO OR MORE ELEMENTS
      - Formation: A CHEMICAL REACTION
      - Proportion of constituents: FIXED
      - Properties of constituents: NOT RETAINED
      - Separation of constituents: CHEMICAL MEANS
    - - Composition: ELEMENTS AND ELEMENTS,
        ELEMENTS AND COMPOUND OR
        COMPOUND AND COMPOUND
      - Formation: A PHYSICAL CHANGE
      - Proportion of constituents: NOT FIXED
      - Properties of constituents: RETAINED
      - Separation of constituents: PHYSICAL MEANS