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Endocrine Elizabeth Martinez Period:2 - Coggle Diagram
Endocrine Elizabeth Martinez Period:2
Major Functions of Endocrine:
From gland->secrete hormones->into the blood->to reach the target cells receptors.
help control mood, growth and development, the way our organs work, metabolism, sleep-wake cycle and reproduction.
Homeostasis (constant internal balance), such as blood pressure and blood sugar regulation, fluid (water) and electrolyte balance and body temperature.
Major endocrine glands/organs and their functions (separate by region/ body cavity)
Head:
Pineal Gland
Melatonin: Regulation of circadian rhythms of the body.
Pituitary Gland:
Anterior
ADH- Kidneys conserve water
OT-Stretch uterine& vaginal walls, stimulation of breasts.-Milk
Posterior
TSH- Control secretions of hormones from thyroid gland
ACTH Control secretion of hormones from thyroid gland
FSH-Production of sperm or egg-containing follicles (maturation
PRL-milk production
GH-Growth hormone- increase size & division rate of body cells
LH- Secretion of sex hormone
Hypothalamus:
Hunger, body temp, heart rate
Neck
Thyroid:
T3-Tridothyrine- Same as above 5 times more potent
Calcitonin- Lowers blood calcium7 phosphate ion
T4-Thyroxine- increases rate of energy release from carbo hydrates, protein synthesis, accelerates growth
Chest:
Thymus: Thymosins affect differentiation and production of T lymphocytes (important for immunity)
Abdominal:
Adrenal Gland:
Cortisol- "stress hormone"
Aldosterone- Helps regulate mineral/electrolyte imbalances
Pancreas: Blood Sugar
Insulin-Decrease blood level of glucose
Glucagon-Increases blood level of glucose
Pelvic Region
Testes: Testosterone
Ovaries: Estrogen & progesterone
Compare and contrast steroid vs. non-steroid hormones and list the hormones for each
category
Steroid:
Estrogen, Testosterone, aldoesterone, cortisol
Non-Steroid:
Amines: Norepinephrine, epinephrine, thyroid hormones
Peptides: Antidiuretic hormone, oxytocin, thyrrotropinreleasing hormone
Polypeptides & proteins: Parathyroid hormone, growth hormone, prolactin
Glycoproteins: Follicle-stimulating hormone, Lutenizing hormone, Thyroid stimulating hormone
Homeostatic mechanisms of hormone regulation (negative and positive feedback)
Positive- Intensify response until end point is reached
Negative- contradicted amount of hormones. Prevents excessiveness
Diseases associated with the endocrine system:
Type1 Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)
Beta cells destroyed, insulin production increases or stops
Type 2 Noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)
INsulin produced but isn't recognized by cells