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Mood Disorders: Depression - Coggle Diagram
Mood Disorders: Depression
Etiology
Biologic factors:
low levels of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine in the brain
Social factors:
related to specific external life events
Psychological factors:
related to specific external life events
Different Anti-depressants
Selective Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Mechanism of action:
inhibit the reuptake of 5-HT
First line therapy
for major depression treatment
Medications
: Proxetine (paxil), Fluovaxamine (luvox), Escitalopram (Lexapro), Citalopram (celexa), Duloxetine (cymbalta), fluoxetine (prozac), sertraline (zoloft)
Well tolerated, safe and effective
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Medications
: Amitriptyline, Desipramine (Norpramin), imipramine (Tofranil), Nortriptyline (Pamelor)
Mechanisms of action:
block the reuptake of both serotonin and NE to varying degrees
Adverse reactions:
xerostomia, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention
Nortriptyline (Pamelor)
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
First-line therapy
for depression treatment
Mechanism of action:
inhibit the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine
Medications:
Levomilnacipran (fetzima), Duloxetine (Cymbalta), Venlafaxine, extended release (EffexorXR), Desvenlafaxine ( Pristiq), Venlafaxine
Other Antidepressants
Bupropion, generic
Bupropion, extended release 12 hr (Wellbutrin)
Bupropion, extended release 24hr, generic
Bupropion, extended release 24hr, (Wellbutrin XL)
Bupropion, extended release 24hr, (Forfivo XL)
Nefazadone
Trazodone
Mirtazapine (remeron)
Vilazodone (viibryd)
Vortioxetine (Trintellix)
MAOIs
Mechanism of action:
block enzyme called monoamine
oxidase
Many adverse effects:
sleep disturbances, orthostatic hypotension, sexual dysfunction, and weight gain
Medications:
Isocarboxazid, Phenelzine, Tranylcypromine
Adverse Reactions of Dental significance
SSRI's/ SNRI's - xerostomia, glossitis, nausea
Tricyclic Antidepressants xerostomia, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension
MAOI's orthostatic hypotension
Other Antidepressants nausea, vomiting, tremors, agitation, dizziness