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Indirect rule - Coggle Diagram
Indirect rule
Theories of rule
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'Hegemony on a shoestring' and examples wehre the British created social hierarchies despite there not being any beforehand.
Kenya, the Kikuyu- Men appointed on willingness to collaborate with the colonail state than tradiitonal claims to power and the creation of 'decentralised despots'
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1 European official per 45,000, per 7500km squared.
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Service ideologies
interesting comparisons between indirect rule and small based community living with afircan socialism and gandhi's philosophy.
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Primary case studies
Warrant chief system
Some areas of Nigeria were affective- Northern Nigeria and Buganda saw pre-established, long serving and powerful chieftanships. In southern nigeria, this was far from the case.
The Sokoto caliphate- emir was completely powerless, they replaced officials with corrupt individuals and that the British administration eviscerated the Muslim societgy and caused economic hardship. They abolished the zakat- a good government and replaced it wiht a bad one which showed no interest in the welfare of the people.
The Nizam and Zamindars
Zamindar class created- EIC seized land, and made the supposed landowners pay annual rent to them, or their land would be seized and auctioned.
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The Residency system
Strategic efforts to make the local ruler dependent on the Company wihtout destroying his ability to deliver his state's resources for company use.
Residents often communicated with each other to coordinate their efforts, while princes were forbidden to correspond with anyone.
Company military force, under the exclusive control of the Resident provided him with unchallengeable power.
Ability to arbitrsate succession kept all contending factions of the local court dependent on his will.
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De-centralised despots
Emirs of the Sokoto Caliphate, Nigeria
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Criticisms of 'dentralised despots'- underappreciates the complex social links that cut across indirect rule chieftancies and actually enabled power to take place in the first instance- they need some sort of historical base or legitimacy.
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Economic factors
Nawab of Carnactic economically dependent on the British, which could then attempt to have control over the local states
The Subsidiary Alliance system in India- states were forbidden to interact with other foreign relations