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America's involvement in WW1 and WW2 - Coggle Diagram
America's involvement in WW1 and WW2
(September, 1, 1939- September 2, 1945)
Cause: Germany's invasion of Poland
America's initial reaction to the war: Neutrality Act of 1935 and 1936. America also chose appeasing fascism although Roosevelt warned the country about fascism.
September 7, 1941 Japan bombs Pearl Harbor and therefore the US enters the war.
Historical context: The League of Nation was weak, the 1929 economic crisis boosted the rise of dictators in Japan, Germany and Italy.
President in office: Roosevelt (FDR) :
Moblizing for war:
In September 1940: America alredy drafts its citizens during peacetime
Declaration of the United Nations
Industry: The US mobilized the whole economy and converted industries to aid war production.
Women: 300,000 served in the military. WAAC, WAVES, WAFS, Women's Reserves and Women Marines.T
They also played a key roal on production, as they took vital non-traditional jobs in order to mantain the war effort.
African-Americans in the war: They were employed in great numbers although they still faced discrimination and segregation. In 1941 FDR issued Executive Order 8802 forbiding racial discrimination.
Type of war: Blitzkrieg (during the beggining of WW2):
America's role in WW2:
The Pacific War: At first the Americans suffered heavy defeats but Midway and Coral Sea changed the tide of the war.
Roosevelt passes away and Truman decides to drop the atomic bomb on Japan to force its surrender. On the 6 the bomb is dropped in Hiroshima, two days later in Nagasaki. On the 15th Japan surrenders, the war was over.
The War in Europe: Operation Overlord and D Day. Eisenhower made the final decisions, on June 6 the allied forces reach the beaches of Normandy and begin retaking back France. Soon the Allies were advancing through the West and the Soviets trough the East. On May 8, 1945 Nazi Germany surrenders.
The consequences of the war:
In February, 1945 the "Big three" divide Germany in the Yalta Conference.
(July 28th, 1914- November, 11, 1918)
Cause: Assasination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and Austria Hungary declares of war to Serbian
America's initial reaction to the war: Woodrow Wilson issues declaration of neutrality.
Zimmerman Telegram
U-Boats sink merchant ships such as the Lusitania.
April 1917 Germany sends U-boats after American Cargo and calls on Mexico to invade the US: The US enters the war.
Historical context: Tension in the Balkans, Rusia and Austria-Hungary fight for controlling the region.
President in office: Woodrow Wilson
Mobilizing for war:
First draft ever: 3 million men were ordered into the army.
Industry: The economy was mobilized towards the war effort. The Americans cut down on certain products and bought Liberty bonds to pay for the war.
Unlike WW2, WW1 had more technological advances compared to prior wars. Wepons like machine guns or tanks were first implemented in WW1.
African-Americans in the war: They moved north and participated in the war effort, some believed that they would end discrimination.
Women in the war: They took on new jobs and their help towards the war effort was taken into account in order to get the female suffrage.
The type of war: Trench Warfare
America's role: The troops did not reach in large numbers until 1917. They were vital to help win the war, that's why the germans hoped for a quick defeat before their arrival.
They were vitan in the battle of Chateau-Thierry which saved Paris from being conquered. Then they pushed through the Argonne Forest.
120, 000 Americans passed away.
Consequences of the war:
Treaty of Versailles: It blamed Germany for causing the war. Germarny lost territory and was made to pay huge reparations. The Treaty of Versailles made many germans angry and helped Hitler become chancellor.
