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Theme 4: Research methods in developmental theory. - Coggle Diagram
Theme 4: Research methods in developmental theory.
Qualitative vs. Quantitative paradigms in research.
Qualitative.
Focus on non-numerical observation assessments, interlinking theory with data collection.
Theory-driven data collection, yielding rich, detailed insights.
Quantitative.
Emphasises objectivity and generalisability, using statistical tools for analysis.
Rely on numerical data, testing generalisability through statistical analysis, and recognising the theoretical underpinnings of statistics.
Naturalistic observations in developmental studies.
Data collection: Uses counts, researcher narratives, and audio/video recordings.
Challenges: Unable to manipulate variables, limiting the ability to infer causality. Data collection is subjective and dependent on the researcher's perspective.
Observation methods: Phenomena observed in natural settings, capturing behaviours unobtrusively to avoid influencing behaviour.
Sampling methods.
Purpose: Select events or behaviours for observation, aiming for fair and unbiased access to necessary data.
Types of sampling.
Situation sampling: Varied settings to generalise findings.
Time sampling: Observations at specific intervals to capture phenomena.
Importance: Ensure Representativeness and relevance to research questions.
Cross-sectional and Longitudinal.
Cross-sectional studies: Observe different subjects at one point in time to infer population characteristics, with challenges in generalisation.
Longitudinal studies: Track development over time, providing insights into changes and continuities.
Correlational design in DP.
Focus: Examines relationships between two variables.
Limitations: Correlation does not imply causation, emphasising the need to distinguish between associative and causal relationships.
Experimental design in DP.
Objective: Determine causal relationships through controlled manipulation.
Quality measures: Using quantitative research or qualitative research.
Methodology: Divide subjects into control and experimental groups to test hypotheses.
Ethics: Protecting welfare and well-being, especially in kids.
Variables: Independent variables manipulated to observe effects on dependent variables.
Cautionary tale: The debunked vaccine-autism link underscores the importance of reliable and valid research findings.