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feminism - Coggle Diagram

- - - - capitalism worsened oppression
  - - - critical of monogamous marriage, romantic love and family unit - this trinity reinforces patriarchy - need for sexual revolution
    - - women portrayed as possessions of men to be fought over and owned
  - - - racial and sexual discrimination
  - - - women have internalised false sense of natural inferiority
- - - - biological differences have observable physical attributes such as external and internal anatomy, chromosomes and hormone prevelance
      - most feminists equality feminists arguing that womens nature is socially constructed - determined by society not biology
        
        debate with difference feminism
      - refers to biological differences between men and women - assigned sex at birth
    - - CPG argues that gender roles are socially constructed from young age, subordinating women to the will of men
      - KM and bh perceive social construction as beginning in childhood with family unit - women have multiple identities not based on gender alone
      - SDB wrote that biological differences had been used by male dominated state and society as justification for predetermining gender role of women
      - SR women's consciousness created by men as part of capitalist machine
      - most feminists argue that gender roles socially constructed and form gender stereotypes
      - gender used to explain roles society gives to men and women
  - - - SDB this has happened throughout majority of human history
    - - SR influenced by marxism when suggested that solution to female oppression was revolution that would destroy both capitalism and patriarchy
  - - - family socialised young into recognising M authority and F marginalisation in society
      - marriage saw women lose identity - taking husband surname
  - - - radical
      - socialist
      - liberal
      - postmodern
    - - essentialism
        
        idea that biological factors determine different characters and behaviour of men and women - certain behaviours natural and not socially constructed
  - - - every women has multiple identities so singular notion of sisterhood gives way to a more communal concept of solidarity
- - - - women's alienation from capitalism and patriarchy meant that there needed to be a revolution within a revolution to restructure both sources of oppression
  - - - bunch argued that heterosexual relationships based on power - lesbianism was a political choice - dworkin argued that pornography was symptomatic of mens perception of women as sex objects
        
        nuclear family should be abolished and replaced by lesbian communities
      - greer argued that patriarchy has socialised women to view sexual desires as unfeminine - women indoctrinated to believe they must retain eternal youth rather than embrace age and experience
        
        greer argued for sexual liberation and abandonment of traditional marriage - favoured communal living and childrearing - views similar to millett's
      - pizzey analysis of personal is political focused on domestic violence in family life
        
        pizzey set up first women's refuge in london in 1971 offering women and children refuge from domestic violence
      - firestone saw history as dialectic struggle relating to biological difference between men and women - patriarchy always existed as women always been enslaved by men
        
        firestone's perfect society would eliminate gender distinctions and embrace androgyny - regarded childbirth as barbaric and advocated for artificial insemination men implanted with wombs and bear children? influenced by SDB took her ideas to next level
  - - - political emancipation would lead to greater gender equality and legal equality
  - - - examples: genital mutilation and honour killings
      - bh critical of 2nd wave feminism for excluding minority groups - feminism dominated by concerns of white women
      - intersectionality
      - slutwalk - global movement who dress like sluts for protest marches after police officer argued that women should avoid dressing like sluts - patriarchal attitude that partially excused rape
      - technology = source of misogyny and patriarchy via social media
        
        diane abbott received more abuse on twitter than any other MP in 2017 GE
        
        BUT social media can also be used to call out and challenge sexism and misogyny in public sphere - metoo movement
- - - - patriarchy is pervasive and present in every facet of society
    - - how to reform it and even its affect
        
        friedan argued that society forces women into roles of housewife and mother - patriarchal society can be reformed via state and cultural action
        
        socialist feminists SR society is economically determined by male capitalists and that a revolution is needed in order to change the status of workers and women
        
        liberal and radical disagree on where to challenge patriarchy - liberals prefer public sphere of society - radicals argue that patriarchy must be challenged in both public and private
        
        post modern argue that society is too multifaceted to be determined by one variable such as gender and that we need to look at intersectionality
  - - - socialist and radical feminists argue that patriarchal culture is so embedded in society and state - fanciful image that state can combat patriarchy
      - liberal feminists agree that state has been instrument to reinforce patriarchy BUT argue that function can change - state can be conduit for reform and the tackling patriarchy
    - - PM argue that there is a complexity to state oppression that other branches of feminism miss because their tendency to generalise - bh argues that race is as important as gender
  - - - status of women in society should not be affected by their biological status and that gender differences are artificially constructed by society
        
        biological differences inconsequential
        
        liberal, radical, socialist and post modern all agree - equality feminists
    - - difference feminists believe in essentialism arguing that biological differences are important as they determine gender differences - not constructed by society
        
        women must embrace distinctiveness - fundamentally different
  - - - united in their belief that economic world discriminates against women
      - discrimination includes unpaid labour in the home and lack of equality of opportunity in the workplace
      - CPG argued that economic independence was fundamental part of female emancipation
      - engels argued that women are often reduced to being a reserve army of labour
    - - socialist feminists maintain that revolution to overthrow capitalism is needed for true equality in society
        
        SR argues that women must become political force to facilitate communist process
      - PM bh argues that race and class can be as important as gender in understanding economic oppression
        
        black women from poor backgrounds face poverty and inequalities that middle class white women do not face