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England1783-1835 - Coggle Diagram
England1783-1835
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Birmingham
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Matthew Boulton, led the Birmingham lobby - indirectly influence 70 MPs
Thomas Attwood significant local business figure - Tory radical - opposed orders in Council trade restrictions between France and America Attwood promoted Currency reform and the Birmingham Political Union Became Chartist movement 1839 Bull Ring
Social impact of Church and King anti Priestley riots which were triggered by bastille day dinner in 1792 and coordinated by Tory anglican clergy unleashing the birmingham mob
Radical sentiment sympathetic to ideals of French revolution common especially in non-conformist groups - unitarian, quaker, methodist
'Sans culotte' unity of skilled journeymen and master manufacturers - small units of production - all behind currency reform
Manchester politics of reform more radical and working class led with Henry Hunt its main firebrand.- BPU more like an alternative town council at times
Significant Birmingham unrest 1810 -1818 driven by high price of food and recession and unemployment
George Edmonds son of Baptist minister - and force at mass meeting which 'elected' Wolseley as legislative attorney to take virtual seat in parliament - Hampden club an example of emerging radical clubs.
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Battle of ideas
philosophy
Liberal Tory beliefs - world as grand design, experiential, mechanistic evangelical, utilitarian, rational, political economy free trade**
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scientific rationalism and improvement : undermining faith in special creation and continuing divine agency
unitarianism and rational dissent - highly successful - rejected the contract of sin and atonement - focussed on love of god , social reform to allow all to be shaped by it including the Martineaus .- also influenced liberal anglicans
the Oxford movement - absolute doctrinal authority of catholic churches - the 90 tracts - Tractarians - which gave the Anglican church a link to the apostolic succession of the bishops of Rome and authority independent of the state - response to catholic emancipation, repeal of test and corporation acts, discussion opf church disestabliishment.
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nostalgic callings for medieval values - anglo saxon community - love of liberty and customs springing from north german tribes
Owenism and new lanark, general trade unions and the cooperative movement
War Economies 1756-63, 76-82, 92-01, 04-15
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1832
Initial Lords rejection led to Days of May 1831 including 200,000 protest on New Hall hill - the radical political unions were semi-militarised - citizen guards
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passed by Whigs who had been out of office as party for nearly 50 years united the radicals in and outside parliament via BPU and other National political unions esp in Manchester
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Fear of revolution in towns and countryside led middle and upper class voters to switch from Tory to Whig
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redistribution of seats in favour of towns and counties and vs landed / rotten boroughs and for north and wales vs southern england
society in 1830 and 40s
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Chartism
Six points around elections, suffrage, MP payments, secret ballots, constituency size and property quals for MPs.
Peoples parliaments in London and Birmingham 1838-39 - bull ring riots - mainly an urban phenomenon in threatened sectors
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150,000 protestors Faced down at Kennington Common by400m police and 80000 volunteer police
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contradictions
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a working class movement which became a model of self improvement and respectability -dutiful Victorians
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