human resources refers to the coronation of all issues relating to the people a business employs to ensure a business can function this involves
recruitment of new staff
staff performance
training and development of staff
disciplinary procedures
ending employment
complying with relevant government legislation

a flat structure has many layers of management and a business with this structure uses a 'top-down' approach with clear accountability showing who is in charge of that task

a flat structure is a structure with a few layers of management with decisions being made faster as their are less people to consult these are mainly used by small business an those adopting a more modern approach

communication is the process of sending and receiving information from one person to another using a channel of communication these include letters, email, text message, hone conversation, meeting, presentation, video, social media, website

both internal and external recruitment may use interviews application forms aptitude test group tasks presentations and role-playing tasks to help select the best candidates for the job these include CVs application forms letters of application interviews test group activities and references.

motivation refers to how driven an happy an employee is in their role if an employee is motivated they are more likely to do a good job these can be financial or non-financial some financial are remuneration bonuses commission promotion fringe benefits but some non-financial our job rotation job enrichment and autonomy

training and development are both processes in which employees are provided with additional skills and knowledge there are differences between them training focuses on the knowledge and skills that are required for an individual to do a particular job development is about helping staff to reach their full potential it is more concerned with the long-term improvement to staff through qualification