Chemical Kinetics

Relative rates of change

Graphical determination of reaction rates

Integrated Rate laws

Activation energy

Zero order

First order

Second order

[X] = -kt + [X]0

ln[X] = -kt +ln[X]0

1/[X] = kt + 1/[X]0

half-life = [X]0/2k 🏁

half-life = 0.693/k 🏁

half-life = 1/k[X]0 🏁

lnk = -Ea/R * (1/T) + ln A

k is rate constant

Ea is activation energy

R is gas constant 8.314 J/molK

T is temperature (Kelvin)

A is frequency factor

Arrhenius equation

For the reaction xX -> yY

-(1/x)delta [X]/delta t = (1/y)delta[Y]/delta t

Average rate

Instantaneous rate

delta[X]/delta t between two points

delta[X]/delta t between two points on either side