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Isaac Medina Per 2 Lymphatic/Immune System - Coggle Diagram
Isaac Medina Per 2 Lymphatic/Immune System
Major functions of the Reproductive system
Male
Produce, maintains, and transports sperm and protective fluid like semen.
Discharges sperm during sex
Produces and secretes male sex hormones responsible for maintaining the Male reproductive system.
Female
Produce eggs(ova)
Have sexual intercourse
Protect and nourish a fertilized egg until it is fully developed
Give birth
Hormone production and fertilization
Both systems work together to reproduce. Two kinds of sex cells called sperm and eggs. A sperm meeting an egg it can fertilize creating a zygote that will become a fetus.
Anatomy of Male reproductive structures
Human Penis
Male organ for sexual intercourse and contains sensitive nerve endings like the Root, Body(shaft), and the glands(head).
Scrotum
Protects your testicles and provides a sort of climate control system. Muscles in the wall of the scrotum let it contract and relax for warmth by moving your testicles closer to your body.
Testicles
Oval shaped organs in the scrotum that make testosterone and produce sperm. WIthin the testicles are coiled masses of tubes which are called the seminiferous tubules produce sperm cells through spermatogenesis.
Epididymis
It carries and stores the sperm cells that your testicles create. The epididymis also brings the sperm to maturity- the sperm that emerge from the testicles are immature and incapable of fertilization. During sexual arousal, muscle contraction force the sperm into the vas deferens.
Vas Deferens
Long muscular tube that travels from the epididymis into the pelvic cavity, just behind the urinary bladder the vas deferens transport mature sperm to the urethra in preparation for ejaculation.
Ejaculatory Ducts
Each testicle has a vas deferens that joins with seminal vesicle ducts to form ejaculatory ducts. These ducts move through your prostate, where they collect fluid to add to semen. They empty into your urethra.
Urethra
Tube that carries pee from your bladder outside of your body. It also ejaculates semen when you orgasm.
Events of the female hormonal cycles
Follicular Phase
Starts on the first day and lasts for 13-14 days; ending in ovulation and releases a hormone to stimulate the production of follicles on the surface of an ovary/one follicle will mature an egg and uterus lining will thicken for preparation for pregnancy.
Menstruation
The average is 3-7 days and your uterus lining sheds and flows out of your vaginal. The period contains blood, mucus and some cells from the lining of the uterus.
Luteal Phase
the uterus lining sheds and the period begins again.Cells in the ovary release progesterone and a small amount of estrogen this causes the lining of the uterus to thicken for pregnancy.
Ovulation
On day 14 a mature egg is released from an ovary through a fallopian tube towards the uterus. Can last 16-32 hours.
Hormones of the reproductive system
Female
FSH
Helps control the menstrual cycle and stimulates ovaries to produce eggs.
LH
Gets sent out during ovulation part of menstrual cycle and tells the ovaries to release a mature egg.
Progesterone
Prepares the endometrium lining of your uterus for a fertilized egg to implant and grow.
Estrogen
Affects the reproductive tract, the urinary tract, the heart and blood vessels, bones, breasts, skin, hair, mucous membranes, pelvic muscles, and the brain.
Male
Testosterone
Regulates sex drive, bone mass, fat distribution, muscle mass and strength, and production of RBC and sperm.
LH
Causes the testes to make testosterone.
FSH
Important for the production and maintenance of sperm.
Anatomy of Female reproductive structures
Uterus
Hollow pear shaped organ that holds a fetus during pregnancy. Divides into two parts, the cervix and the corpus is a larger part of the uterus that expands during pregnancy
Ovaries
Small oval shaped glands located on either side of uterus that produce eggs and hormones.
Fallopian tubes
Narrow tubes attached to upper part of your uterus and serves as pathways for your egg to travel from your ovaries to your uterus. Fertilization of an egg by sperm normally occurs in the tubes that fertilized egg then moves to the uterus, where it implants into your uterine lining.
Cervix
Lowest part of Uterus and is a hole in the middle that allows sperm to enter and menstrual blood to exit. Opens to allow baby to come out during childbirth and prevents tampons from getting lost inside the body.
Vagina
Muscular canal that joins the cervix. It widens to accommodate a baby during delivery and shrink back to hold something narrow like a tampon. Its lined with mucous membranes to keep it moist.
Methods and Classification of contraceptives
IUD
Effective 76-99% Objects implanted in the uterus are either toxic to sperm and egg cells or prevent implantation of embryo by inhibiting growth of endometrium thicken cervical mucus.
Injectables
Effective 93-99% Shot in arm, hip, or under the skin, every 3 months. Causes spotting, lighter or no periods. may cause weight gain and no estrogen.
Pill
Effective 93-99% Take by mouth everyday at the same time and can cause spotting for the first few months.
Male Sterilization
Effective 93-99% Surgical procedure, vasectomy; removal of small portion of vas deferens. Causes pain, leading or risk of infection.
Female Sterilization
Effective 93-99% Surgical procedure, tubes tied, tubaligitation cuts uterine tubes preventing sperm from reaching the eggs. May cause pain, bleeding, or infection.
Disorders associated with the reproductive system
HIV/AIDS
Attacking the body's immune system AIDS is the advanced stage of the disease. Through anal or vaginal sex that can cause pain in abdomen, dry cough, fever, loss of appetite.No cure but medication treatment available and avoid sex.
HPV/Genital Warts
Sexually transmitted disease that causes genital warts or cancer. Most people go unknown without symptoms but you can be vaccinated and use condoms or avoid sex.
Chlamydia
Common STD that can cause permanent damage to a woman;s reproductive system. Caused by sexual intercourse and causes pain in lower abdomen, pain when urinating, of bleeding and can be helped with antibiotics or prescribed medication.
Gonorrhea
Sexully transmitted disease that infects genitals, rectum, and throat. Having sex with someone who has gonorrhea transmits it. Causes a burning sensation when urinating, swollenness, Soreness, or bleeding, Medical Treatment and avoid sex.
Syphilis
Sexually transmitted disease that can cause health problems if not treated and divides into three stages. Causes sores around penis, vagina, anus, rectum, lips, mouth. Antibiotics and checkups can help with treating it.
Hepatitis
Virus that has mild symptoms but gets worse overtime. Hepatitis B and C progress to a chronic lifelong infection to liver damage/cancer, and death. Sexual intercourse causes it and result in pain in liver or feeling sick but medical treatment or vaccinated can help with hepatitis.