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Janelle Cardenas per. 5 Reproductive System - Coggle Diagram
Janelle Cardenas per. 5 Reproductive System
methods & classifications of contraceptives
MALE STERILIZATION
: sugical procdure
DIAPHRAGM
: put in vagina w/ spermicide, mechanical, & moderately effective
withdrawal
: pull out penis out of vagina before ejaculation, behavioral, & least effective
IUD
: placed inside uterus, mechanical, & most effective
INTERNAL CONDOM
: put in vagina, mechanical, & least effective
spermicides
: put in vagina, mechanical, & least effective
FEMALE STERILIZATION
: surgical procedure & most effective
PILL
: taken by mouth, chemical, & moderately effective
EXTERNAL CONDOM
: put over penis, mechanical, & least effective
INJECTABLES
: shot in arm, hip, or under skin, chemical, & moderately effective
fertility awareness
: monitor fertility signs & abstain or use condoms on fertile days, mechanical/behavioral, & least effective
hormones of reproductive system
FEMALE
ovaries produce
ESTROGEN
: regulates menstrual cycle & helps develop sex characteristics.
ovaries produce
PROGESTERONE
: helps fertilize egg, thickens uterine lining,
MALE
testes produce
TESTOSTERONE
: regulates libido, production of RBCs & sperm & can regulate sex characteristics.
follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
: help control menstrual cycle, triggers growth of eggs, & prepares eggs for ovulation
lutenizing hormone (LH)
: triggers ovulation & hormone production
gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
: causes pituitary gland to release
LH & FSH
anatomy of female reproductive structures
OVARIES
: female gonads; secrete female sex hormones
FEMALE DUCT SYSTEM
uterine/fallopian tubes
: receive ovulated eggs & are the site of fertilization
uterus
: receive, retain, & nourish fertilized ovum
cervix
: outlet that projects into vagina
uterine wall
: made up of perimetrium, myometrium, & endometrium
vagina
: birth canal, passageway for menstrual flow & organ of copulation
infundibulum
EXTERNAL GENITALIA
mons pubis
: fatty area
labia majora
: hair-covered, outer skin folds
clitoris
labia minora
: inner skin folds in labia minora
MAMMARY GLANDS
areola
: pigmented skin surrounding nipple
anatomy of male reproductive structures
TESTES
: primary sex gonads/organs
tunica vaginalis
: outer layer
tunica albuginea
: inner layer
SPERM
: male gametes
MALE DUCT SYSTEM
epididymus
: sperm matures here
ductus deferens
:
urethra
: conveys both
urine & semen
ejaculatory duct
PENIS
MALE ACCESSORY GLANDS
bulbo-urethral glands
: secretes milky. slightly acid fluid
semen
: sperm & seminal fluid
seminal GLANDS (seminal vesicles)
: produces fructose
corpus spongiosum
prostate
prepuce (foreskin)
events at the female hormonal cycles
OVARIAN CYCLE
: monthly series of events, maturation of egg (28 days)
OVULATION
: ovary wall ruptures expelling the secondary egg
LUTEAL PHASE
: ruptured follicle collapses & antrum fills with clottled blood
progesterone & some estrogen is secreted
corpus luteum degenerates into corpus albicans (scars)
FOLLICULAR PHASE
: several follicles become sensitive to FSH & are stimulated
one dominant follicle becomes sensitive
FSH levels drop in the middle & the dominant follicle is the only one to continue on
MENSTRUAL CYCLE
DAYS 6-14, proliferative phase
: estrogen levels increase
cervical mucus facilitates to passageway
DAYS 15-28, postovulatory phase
: endometrium prepares for implant
if there is no fertilization, cells die & uterine cycle starts again
DAYS 1-5, menstrual phase
: ovarian hormones are lowest
menstrual flow & tissue lasts 3-5 days
gonadotropin levels are rising
HORMONAL REGULATION
negative feedback inhibits gonadtropin release
positive feedback stimulates gonadtropin release
FSH & LH stimulates follicles to grow, mature, & secrete sex hormones
LH surge triggers ovulation & formation of the corpus luteum
GnRH stimulates FSH and LH secretion
negative feedback inhibits LH & FSH release
disorders & STIs
disorders
PROSTATE CANCER
TESTICULAR CANCER
CERVICAL CANCER
BREAST CANCER
STIs
CHLAMYDIA
: discharge, burning, bleeding
GENITAL HERPES
: caused by herpes simplex virus,
blisters or no symptoms
SYPHILLIS
: sores, skin rash, or fever
HEPATITIS
: STD that developed can lead to death
TRICHOMONIASIS
: caused by infection with a protozoan parasite Trichomonas
GONNORHEA
: infection in genitals, throat, & rectum
HPV/GENITAL WARTS
: genital warts
PID
: infection of a women's reproductive organs
AIDS/HIV
: weakens the immune system by destroying important cells that fight disease & infection
MAJOR FUNCTIONS
MALE
: produce hormones to maintain reproductive functions, support spermatogenesis, & fertilization
FEMALE
: producing eggs, hormones, & maintaining fertilized eggs