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Observation - Coggle Diagram
Observation
measurement
Bulk property
Position & Motion
Astrometry
Proper motion
Radial Velosity
Redshift
Line width
mass
gravity and rotation
$$ M=\frac{a^3}{P^2}$$
virial theorem
size
angular
distance
unresolved
$$ L=\mathscr{F}4\pi r^2$$
satr
planet
orbit
luminosity
Temperature
kinetic
effective
color
excitation and ionization
Composition
Atomic (through extinction
molecular
structure
seismology
asteroseismology
magnetic
way
polarization
synchrotron radiation
component
Dark matter
central blackhole
star formation rate
Time Variation
Distances
Trigonometry
Angular size to actual size via velocities
Luminosity
standard candle
variables
supernova
spectroscopic parallax
ensembles
L distribution (“functions”)
kinematics
surface brightness fluctuations
Earth-Sun distance
Parallax
morphology
Age
population synthesis
single stars
Enviroment
mutiple stars and clusters
galaxy clusters
ISM IGM
quantification
Noise and Errors
Uncertainty
Bias
Systematic & Random
$$3\sigma~rule$$
SNR
$$ Noise \approx \sqrt{Signal}$$
Longer exposures
Random Processes
Poisson,Gaussian
Error Propagation