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Exchange of materials II - Coggle Diagram
Exchange of materials II
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Structure of the heart
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Major blood vessels leading into and out of the heart: vena cava, pulmonary artery, aorta and the pulmonary vein
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Heart rate
Natural resting heart rate is controlled by a group of cells in the right atrium that act as a pacemaker- they provide stimulation through small electrical impulses which causes the heart to contract
Without this the heart wouldn't pump fast enough to deliver the required amount of oxygen to the whole body
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Respiration
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Energy is used to fuel metabollic processes - necessary chemical reactions that take place in the body
Energy is transferred to the environment, so its exothermic
Cellular respiration is an axothermic reaction which releases energy (ATP) for the necessary metabollic processes and occurs continuously in every cell of living organisms
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Aerobic respiration
Respiration using oxygen, 30 ATP released
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Anaerobic respiration
Vigorous exercise means that the body can't supply enough oxygen to your muscles for aerobic respiration
Respiration without oxygen, only 2ATP
Incomplete breakdown of glucose, making lactic acid
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Doesn't transfer as much energy as aerobic respiration, so is much less effiient and is only used in emergencies
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