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Heart Failure - Coggle Diagram
Heart Failure
Causes
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Cor pulmonale
• Right-side heart failure due to pulmonary issues
• COPD-hypoxia-pulmonary vasoconstriction-increased workload on R-side of heart
Cardiomyopathies
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Hypertrophic
‒ Usually LV muscle enlarged, encroaches on ejection of blood into aorta
‒ Primary: genetic
‒ Secondary: due to HTN
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Cardiac infection
• Endocarditis, myocarditis
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Ischemic heart disease
• Heart tissue compromised, unable to generate
adequate pressure
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Heart Failure Treatment
Lifestyle modifications
• Exercise, low sodium diet, smoking cessation
Medications
• Diuretics
‒ Reduce fluid volume (some can lead to hypokalemia)
• Aldosterone antagonist
• ACE inhibitors
‒ Block angiotensin-converting enzyme
‒ Cornerstone of heart failure treatment