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R9 (9.1 The principles of project planning, 9.2 The consequences of…
R9
9.1 The principles of project planning
Identification of project aims and objectives
Aims - the intended outcome of the project
Objectives - more specified statements and defined the steps that you need to take to achieve the outcome of the project
Objectives should be SMART:
Specific - precision of tasks carried out
Measurable - so it will be clear when the objective has been achieved
Achievable
Realistic - are resources available to complete project?
Time
Project Scope - specified project goals
User/client requirements
Business case - a justification for the project, it should include the following:
Reasons for the project
Options - any alternatives approaches
Expected benefits
Risks
Costs
Timescales
Expected outcomes
Stakeholder roadmap - an overview of the main components of the project
Timeline
Deadline
Linked to organisational strategic objectives - the bigger picture of where the business should be in the future
Resource requirements
People and skills
Estimates and costings
Venues/premises
Facilities
Equipment
Hardware and software
Stakeholder engagement
Budgeting
Accurate estimating and forecasting
Financial contingency planning
Reasonable and documented assumptions
Cost-benefit analysis
Viability of project - to see if its worth it
Quantifying the intended deliverables - a list of the project expenses is put together along with the benefits. Helps businesses to calculate the ROI, internal rate of return IRR, the NET present value (NPV) and the period of time of the payback
Project life cycle
All projects should follow a set of phases.
Initiation phase
Planning phase
Execution phase
Evaluation phase
Initiation phase
Planning phase
Timing and scheduling
Work packages to break down deliverables - deliverables are basically the results of the project or the processes in the project
Milestones
Prioritisation identification
Identifying dependencies
Execution phase
Evaluation phase
Risk and issues management
Identification
Probability
Impact
Prioritisation
Analysis
Qualitative risk analysis
This is the process of prioritising risks for further analysis
Quantitative risk analysis
This is a statistical analysis of the effect of identified risks on the project
Contingency planning
Quality management
Monitoring of project deliverables - project deliverables are an outcome of a task
Quality assurance
Quality control
Review and audit
9.2 The consequences of ineffective project planning
Under- resourced
Escalating costs
Exceeding timeframses
Unable to deliver outcomes
Negative environmental impact
Health and safety risks
Scope creep
This is where the original requirements increase over the project life cycle
9.3 The application of project planning techniques in a business context
Programme evaluation review technique
Critical path analysis
Work breakdown structure
Responsible, accountable, consulted or informed
Must have, should have, could have, won't have (MoSCoW)
