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Ethnicity - Material Deprivation - Coggle Diagram
Ethnicity - Material Deprivation
Palmer
half of ethnic minority children live in low income households (1/4 of white children do)
ethnic minorities almost twice as likely to be unemployed
ethnic minorities around 3x more likely to be homeless
half of Bangladeshi + Pakistani workers earned under £7 p/h
ethnic minorities more likely to be engaged in shift work
Why are ethnic minorities at greater risk?
many live in economically depressed areas with high unemployment + low wages
asylum seekers may not be able/allowed to work
lack of language skills
foreign qualifications not always recognised
racial discrimination in the labour + housing market
cultural factors such as the tradition of purdah in Muslim households which prevents women from working outside the home
Gillborn & Mirza
Youth Cohort Study
strong relationship between social class + achievement in all ethnic groups
children from m/c backgrounds did better than those from w/c backgrounds
African Caribbean pupils did less well than their peers in other ethnic groups even where class taken into account
Indian, Pakistani + Bangladeshi pupils did better
EVALUATION
:( low income doesn't affect all groups equally as some are more affected than others
:( some cultures may compensate for the effects of low income more than others
:( can't explain differences simply in terms of material factors as cultural ones seem to counteract low income to a certain extent in ethnic minorities
:( are ethnic minorities are underachieving due to material deprivation or do they become materially deprived due to other factors that hinder their educational achievement?
argues class differences such as FSM disparity explains why Pakistani pupils tend to do worse than Indian + White pupils
Indian pupils generally have above average achievement + are likely to be from better off backgrounds (ethnic group most likely to attend private schools)
Indian + Chinese pupils who are materially deprived still do better than most
in 2011 86% of Chinese girls who received FSM achieved 5+ higher grade GCSEs compared with only 65% of White girls not receiving FSM
Modood
while children from low income families generally did less well effects of low income were much less for other ethnic groups than for white pupils
argues ethnic minority parents have more cultural capital than is typical for their income or class position so can provide help for their children
whatever their ethnicity children from poorer backgrounds do less well