Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
LO1 - Understanding the ownership models of media institutions - Coggle…
LO1 - Understanding the ownership models of media institutions
1.1 - The different types of contemporary media ownership
Different media institutions
Specialist provides operate within specific media sectors
Main media sectors are film, television, video games, print, publishing, internet
The film sector includes companies that produce all blockbuster and small scale film productions that you see in cinema, internet and television
Warner Brothers - Harry potter franchise
The TV and Radio sector includes all companies that work together to produce and distribute tv and radio programmes that are broadcast across digital tv and radio channels
BBC - Strictly come dancing
The video game sector includes all games production companies and software and hardware development companies who produce consoles games are played on
Ubisoft - Assassins Creed
The Print and publishing sector includes all producers and distributors of books, newspapers and magazines
Hachette Publishing - Twighlight series
The web and online technology sector includes all internet and app based products and services that run using the internet and communication technology
Facebook and Instagram
The music sector includes record labels that are part of conglomerate companies
Different types of media companies
Conglomerates
Large organisation that is made up of a number of businesses
Many of the most well-known global companies are part of larger media conglomerates
Sky is a large digital, multinational broadcaster, owners subsidiary's like 21st Century Fox
7 Largest Conglomerates are Comcast, 21st Century Fox, Walt Disney Company, CBS, Viacom, Time Warner, Sony
Independant companies
Work with different companies on joint venture projects
Tend to be specialised providers of just one specific type of media
The main advantage of being an independent company is that you are responsible for, and have creative control, over what you produce
In terms of distribution to a mass audience, a independent company might seek help from larger organisations
Often license films to other distribution companies who will release the film on their behalf
Public service ownership
Largest public service broadcaster is BBC
The BBCs ai is to produce outputs that informs, educates and entertains, and that commitment still exists today
The BBC is still a conglomerate, and is one of the largest cross-media organisations in Europe
Other companies that operate in the UK and have a duty to provide some public service broadcasting output owing to their roots as traditional terrestrial broadcasting are Channel 4, Channel 3, Channel 5
Understanding how media companies operate
Vertical integration is where a media company has the ability to control the production, distribution and exchange of a product (Value Chain)
Horizontal integration is when a media company utilises the assets of its subsidiary companies to support the marketing process of a major product or brand
Along the vertical axis are the conglomerate company's other companies that have the ability to plan and product a media product, distribute and market the product, facilitate the audience to access, download and watch the product
Along the horizontal axis there will be a number of subsidiary companies across various media sectors that will be utilised to ensure the product has maximum exposure to public
Disney is an example of cross media companies, that fully utilises different areas of its ownership to maximise the success of a product through the value chain
Disney has the ability to produce and distribute its own products using the subsidiary companies within its conglomerate structure
in the digital age, companies also exhibit their films via online video on demand services
Disney owns the Disney channel, Disney Life, allowing it to compete with other providers like Netflix, and allowing it to control the whole production proves from planning to release
Synergy and cross media promotion
Synergy is the increased efficiency and profit that occurs as a result of vertical and horizontal promotion
Conglomerates are formed to create synergy in order to cross promote
21st Century Foz uses cross media ownership to create a horizontal structure, maximising exposure to a product in ways that independent companies cant
Disney has maximised opportunities for synergy in terms of merchandising by purchasing companies such as Marvel, they also have the tradition in merchandising which is a big part of corss media marketing and promotion of franchise products like Thor, The Avengers
To expand on the concept of synergy, many media products are now known as cross media products, meaning the idea of a product is adapted for other media (Harry potter films, books, merchandise)
Job roles in the media
Pre production is the planning, drafting, scheduling, funding, casting, designing
Production is the actual making of the media product, filming, photographing, recording, inking graphics..
Post production is the ways in which the product is edited, CGI, Special effects, digital manipulation, sub editing..