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Preliminary Concepts - Coggle Diagram
Preliminary Concepts
Islam
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Man possesses the qualities of intelligence and choice so he is required to submit to the good will of God and obey His law, i.e, become a Muslim
Islam is the last comprehensive Divine religion that describes way to fulfill the purpose behind our creation
Shariah (Law)
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"Shariah" literally means a water way that leads to a main stream, a drinking place
"Shariah" conceptually means a set of rules, regulations, teachings, and values governing the lives of Muslims
Therefore, Shariah is a path set by Allah for those who accept Him to follow, in order to attain success both in the worldly life and in the hereafter
Aqidah (Tawhid)
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Definition: Declaring Allah to be the only God who deserves to be worshiped in truth and conforming all attributes with which He has qualifies Himself or that are attributed to Him by His messenger
Types of Tawhid
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Tawhid Rububiyyah - Believing in Allah SWT as the only one who sustains, maintain and control the universe and whatever it contain without anyone support and assistance
Tawhid Fi Asma Wa Sifat - Believe in all the names of Allah SWT with which He has attributed Himself or by His Prophet PBUH without alteration
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Akhlaq (Moral)
"Akhlaq" is derived from the word "Khuluq" meaning the character, disposition and the nature
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Lack of moral values lead to: corruption, mismanagement, bribery, breach of trust, misuse of authority
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Usul al-Fiqh
Definition: Rules and principles of interpretation and methods of reasoning later developed to science that are deduced from their sources
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Legal Maxims
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Principle of Legal Maxim
- Matters are determined according to intention (niyyah)
Purpose of Intention
- Distinguishes between habitual actions and actions of worship
- Distinguishes between various level of worships i.e. wajib, mandub
- Distinguishes the purpose of the action for the sake of Allah only or not
- Certainty cannot be removed by doubt - A statement must be supported by evidence or witnesses
- The principle about things is permissibility - All food and transactions are allowed unless they are prohibited
- Freedom from liability - We can't accuse somebody unless there are proves
- Hardship begets facility - Rules of law are general in nature to cover all situations and individuals
- Harm should be removed - Necessity (darurat) refers to a situation where a person strives to safeguard his religion, life, property, mind, or offspring from destruction
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