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Types of Courts, image, image, image, image, image - Coggle Diagram
Types of Courts
Dual Court System: refers to the fact that federal and state courts in the U.S. exist side by side, independent of one another, sometimes in the same geographical location
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State Court
Municipal Courts sometimes called traffic courts, night courts, or city courts.
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State court structures are quite complicated, due to now every state court system being identical.
Specialized Courts: courts that deal only with particular matters. Ex. family, drug, mental health, veterans', and domestic violence.
Mental Health
- Minor crimes committed by individuals with mental disorders
- Immediate screening by a mental health clinician or team
- Treatment recommendation to the presiding judge
- Goal: Individual avoids jail
Drug Courts
- Views substance abuse as a health problem rather than a crime problem
- Team works together to achieve treatment goals
- Non-violent, misdemeanor and felony offenses
- Substance abuse treatment is provided
- Defendants are monitored for compliance
Military Courts
- Deals with matters relating to crimes, theft or sexual assault
- Deals with offenses that are unique to the military, unauthorized absence, desertion, failure to obey orders, or conduct unbecoming.
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Federal Court: courts of limited jurisdiction, meaning they can only hear cases authorized by the United States Constitution or federal statutes.
Some federal courts are considered part of the executive branch of government and are typically under the Justice Department.
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Juvenile Court
Juvenile Court: a court of law responsible for the trial or legal supervision of children under a specified age (18 in most countries).
Problem-Solving Court
- Concerns
-Inadequate resources
-Subjective decision-making of judge
-Conflict between need for efficiency and need for adequate assessment
- Advantages
-Drug courts: Research shows positive results
-Individual receives needed mental health treatment, social services and/or ongoing judicial monitoring
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