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Plant Reproduction - Coggle Diagram
Plant Reproduction
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANTS
Structure & function of flowers
Non-Gender
Female
Male
Process of insect and wind pollination
Transfer of pollen grains from anther to the stigma
Insect pollination and wind pollination
same flower with the male and female parts
one with male parts and one with female parts
Insect pollinated
Rely on insects to pollinate their flowers
Characteristics
Petals
Large & brightly coloured
Smell
Scented
Have nectar
Yes
Stigma
Sticky
For pollen grains to attach easily
Increases the chance for pollination
Wind pollinated
Uses wind to pollinate their flowers
Characteristics
Petals
Small & dull
No need to attract animals
Smell
No scent
No need to attract animals
Have nectar
No
No need to attract animals
Stigma
Large and feathery
Catch pollen grains in the air
Increases the chances for pollination
Self pollination and cross pollination
Self pollination
The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma
Same flower
different flower from the same plant
Cross pollination
The transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma
Another flower on a different plant of the same kind
Definition
sexual reproduction is the process of male and female sex cells joining
Types of flowers in sexual reproduction
either male or female reproductive parts
Both male and female reproductive parts
IMPORTANCE OF REPRODUCTION
Characteristic of living things
Living things can reproduce
Lifespan
The period of time for which they live
Importance
to ensure continuity of its species
Definition of reproduction
process by which organisms give rise to offspring
POSSIBLE EXAM QNS!
Seed dispersal
Water
Structure
Waxy outer layer
Waterproof coverings
Keep dry
Hollow/fluffy/fibrous husks
Trap air
Styles & observation
Able stay afloat
Seeds dispersed along water bodies
e.g. mangroves, rivers
https://youtu.be/f4QN6fYf964?si=VqTpAU8NnY3mzT3M
Animal
Ingestion
Structure
Fleshy fruits
Attract animals
Hard indigestible seeds
Small Seeds
Easy to swallow
https://youtu.be/3oDQuN8wlHA?si=YIcIoZc6BnYaxRnr
Large Seed
Spat out
Dispersed nearer to the parent plant compared to seeds that are ingested
Not destroyed by digestive juices
Many seeds
Increase the chances of germination
Brightly coloured
Attract animals
Fruits are green at first
camouflage and stay hidden
The seeds are not mature and ready
https://youtu.be/cLj71H3kiZI?si=Pph2LyWPGmMx0fIF
Fur / Hair
Structure
Barbs, bristles, stiff hair & hook-like structures
Styles & observation
Seeds dispersed in random directions
Wind
Structure
Winged/hair/feather/parachute like structure
Stay afloat for a longer time.
Dispersed further away
Dry, light and small
Easily carried by wind
Styles & observation
Seeds dispersed far away from parent plant
https://youtu.be/4vSwyzaHkBQ?si=uD-D9b9OYL7EDxvf
Splitting / Explosive
Structure
Pod-like
Split up violently
Shoot seeds short distance around parent plant
Grow relatively closer to the parent plant
https://youtu.be/3G1arGl8RvA?si=hRU2xSxBUe9cnjvs
Styles & observation
Grow relatively closer to the parent plant
FERTILISATION
Formation of fruits and seeds
Seeds
One ovule develops into one seed
Fruits
One ovary develops into one fruit
Dispersal of fruits and seeds
Germination of a seed
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS
Reproduction from other parts of plants
From suckers
From leaves
Definition
Reproduction without the joining of male and female sex cells
Examples
non-flowering plants
bacteria