Dana De Guzman Period 3 Reproductive system

Major functions of the Reproductive system

Anatomy of male reproductive system

Anatomy of female reproductive structures

Hormones of the reproductive system (Male and female)

Events of the female hormonal cycles

Disorders associated with the reproductive system

Methods and classification of contraceptives

Scrotum protects the testis and keeps the temperature 5 degrees below the body temperature. Surrounds the testis

Testes responsible for making the sperm and involved producing hormone called testosterone

Epididymus stores the sperm for maturation smd transports it to the vas deferens

Vas deferens transport the mature sperm to the urethra in preparation for ejaculation

Seminal vesicle secretes alkaline pH to regulate the pH in the vagina and fructose to nourish the sperm. Combines with the sperm

Prostate gland secretes enzymes for the sperm to be able to move and liquifies the semen

Bulbourethral gland secretes lubricantion during sexual stimulation

corpus spongiosum and corpora cavernousom contain blood vessels that constrict and causes errection. Corpus spongiosum surrounds the urethra and corpora surrounds the spongiosum.

Glans is the tip of the penis and prepuce (foreskin) covers it

female hormones

male hormones

ovary produces oocytes and female sex hormones

uterine tube conveys secondary oocyte toward uterus; site of fertilization; conveys developing embryo to uterus

uterus protects and sustains embryo during pregnancy

vagina conveys uterine secretions to outside of body; receives erect penis during sexual intercourse; provides a passageway for offspring during birth process

labia majora enclose and protect other external reproductive organs

labia minora forms margins of vestbule; protects openings of vagina and urethra

produces feelings of pleasure during sexual stimulation due to abundant sensory nerve endings in glans

vestibule space between labia minora that contains vaginal and urethral openings

vestibular glans secrete fluid that moistens and lubricates vestibule

coitus interruptus is the withdrawal of the penis from vagina before ejaculation

Rhythm method is abstinence from sexual intercourse around time of ovulation

mechanical barriers prevents sperm from entering the vagina during sexual intercourse

chemical barriers contain spermicides

combined hormone contraceptives contain estrogen and progestins to prevent pregnancy

injectable contraception: a progesterone derivative prevents follicle maturation and ovulation but it only works for 3 months

contraceptive implants is implantation of a rod containing progestin under the skin in the arm; prevents follicle maturation and ovulation for 3 years

intrauterine devices implanted in the uterus are either toxic to sperm and egg cells. thickens endometrium to prevent implantation of embryo

sterilization: surgical method of perminately preventing pregnancy.

Female sterilization fallopian tubes are cut and tied

male sterilization cuts and ties off the vas deferens

IUD injection of a progesterone prevents follicle maturation and ovulation (Injection in the uterus?)

Injectables progesterone derivative prevents follicle maturation and ovulation

pill voluntary regulation of the number of offspring produced

diaphragm a thin, flexible silicone that sits over the cervix

internal condom covers the inside of the vagina to create a barrier to stop the sperm from reaching the egg

external condom latex/silicone that goes over the penis

fertility awareness monitor fertility signs and abstain or use condom on fertile days

withdrawal pulls penis out of vagina before ejaculation

spermicides a chemical substance that kills sperm

estrogen: responsible for development of female secondary characteristics.

progesterone prepares the endometrium for a feritilized egg to implants and grow

testosterone regulate sex drive, bone mass, fat distribution, muscle mass and strength, and the production of red blood cells and sperm

to produce egg and sperm cells, transport and sustains the egg and sperm cells, nurture developing offspring, and produce hormones

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The anterior pituitary gland secretes follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and

  1. FSH stimulates maturation of a dominant follicle.
  1. Follicular cells produce and secrete estrogens.

a. Estrogens maintain secondary sex characteristics.

b. Estrogens cause the endometrium to thicken.

  1. The anterior pituitary releases a surge of LH, which leads to ovulation.
  1. Follicular cells become corpus luteum cells, which secrete estrogens and

a. Estrogens continue to stimulate uterine wall development.

b. Progesterone stimulates the endometrium to become more glandular and

c. Estrogens and progesterone inhibit the secretion of FSH and LH from the

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  1. If the secondary oocyte is not fertilized, the corpus luteum
  1. As the concentrations of estrogens and progesterone decline, blood
  1. The uterine lining disintegrates and sloughs off, producing a
  1. The anterior pituitary gland is no longer inhibited and again secretes
  1. The menstrual cycle repeats.

Syphilis sexually transmitted disease that can have very serious complications when left untreated bu it is simple to cure with the right treatment

genital herpes STD caused by the herpes simplex virus type (HSV-1) or type 2 (HSV2)

Chlamydia common nsecually transmitted disease (STD) that can be easily cured. If left untreated, chlamydia can make it hard for a woman to get pregnant

Gonorrhea sexually transmitted disease that affects both genders causes infections la genitals, rectum, and throat

Hepatitis, inflammation of the liver

AIDS/HIV collection of symptoms and infections associated with acquired deficiency of the immune system

HPV/Genital warts usually appears as a small bump of group of bumps in genital area

PID inflammation of the upper genital tract due to an infection on women