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LEARNING DOMAIN - Coggle Diagram
LEARNING DOMAIN
Technological Advances (1970s - Present)
The advent of computers and digital technology revolutionized instructional design and delivery.
Early computer-based training systems emerged in the 1970s, laying the foundation for interactive multimedia and web-based learning environments.
The rise of the internet and digital media further transformed instructional design, enabling distance learning, online collaboration, and personalized learning experiences.
Today, instructional designers utilize a plethora of technologies such as virtual reality, augmented reality, and artificial intelligence to create engaging and effective learning experiences.
Early 20th century (1900s-1940s)
John Dewey emphasized active learning and hands-on experiences, advocating for the incorporation of real-life experiences into education.
Edward Thorndike's research on learning focused on the principles of associationism and reinforcement, which laid the groundwork for systematic instructional methods.
B.F. Skinner's behaviorist theories proposed that learning is a result of responses to stimuli and reinforced behaviors, providing insights into how instructional materials and environments can be designed to elicit desired behaviors.
World War Il and Military Training (1940s - 1950s)
World War II spurred the demand for efficient training methods for military personnel.
The U.S. military played a pivotal role in advancing instructional design principles during this period.
Key developments included the systematic use of instructional objectives to clarify training goals, task analysis to identify essential skills, and the integration of multimedia materials such as films and instructional manuals to enhance learning effectiveness.
Behaviorism and Systematic Design
(1950s - 1960s)
Behaviorism became a dominant force in instructional design, focusing on observable behaviors and reinforcement.
Influential figures such as Robert Gagné and Benjamin Bloom introduced systematic approaches to instructional design.
Their methodologies emphasized the importance of clear instructional objectives, effective instructional strategies, and appropriate assessment methods to facilitate learning.
Cognitive Revolution
(1960s - 1970s)
Challenged behaviorist views of learning by emphasizing mental processes and higher-order thinking skills.
Educational psychologists like Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky provided insights into cognitive development and learning theory, influencing instructional design practices.
Cognitive strategies, problem-solving approaches, and constructivist principles started to shape instructional design methodologies, emphasizing active learning and the construction of knowledge by learners.
Current Trends and Future
Directions
Current trends: Learner-centered approaches, adaptive learning, data-driven decision-making.
Rapid evolution: Innovations in mobile learning, gamification, learning analytics.
Advancing technology: Exploration of immersive experiences, addressing accessibility and equity challenges in education.