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Heart Failure - Coggle Diagram
Heart Failure
Causes-
ischemi heart disease -
heart tissue compromised
hypertension leading to LVH-
coronary circulation unable to meet demand
cor pulmonale
- right side heart failure, due to pulmonary issues
cardiomyopathies-
ischemic, dilated, restrictive, hypertrophic
dysrhytmias-
irregular heaty rhythym may precipate failure
cardiac infection
heart valve abnormalities
Classifications
acute vs chronic
systolic or diastolic
systolic-
difficulty ejecting blood, decreased SV and cardiac output
diastolic-
difficulty relaxing, stiff or enlarged ventricles
high output vs low output
high-
heart output can not meet circulatory needs
low-
impaired venous return
right side or left side
left-
can occur with both diastolic and systolic, forward effects and backward effects
right-
backwards effects most significant, hypoxia and cyanosis may develop
Cardiovascular Regulatory Mechanisms
Renin angiotensisn aldosterone system
Renin-
from JG cells of kidneys in response to low pressure
Aldosterone simulates sodium and water retention by kindeys to increase blood and volume and pressure
Treatments
lifestyle modification-
excersise, low sodium, smoking cessation
medications-
diuretics, aldosterone antagonist, ACE inhibitors
left ventricular assist (LVAD)-
pump that enhances LV ejections
risk factors
age, ethinicity, family history, obesity, lifestyle, smoking, medications, alcohol abuse, kidney conditions