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10.1 RELIGIOUS REFORMS - Coggle Diagram
10.1 RELIGIOUS REFORMS
The chatolic church in crisis
Chatolic Church was being challenged
Humanism emphasised the value of humans
Promoted
individual interpretation
of the bible
The buying and selling undulgences was introduced
This meant that sins could be
pardoned in exchange for money
given to the Church.
Hamful practices
Preventing corruption
Clergymen engaged in
corrupt practices
, such as
simony
and
nepotism
Correcting moral standards
Priests sometimes did not honour their religious
vows
, and they were not able to give proper spiritual guidance to their parishioners.
Living humbly
The high clergy was very
wealthy
, and many believed that this was not consistent with the Christian doctrine of povert
The Church was resistant to change
Important figures, such as
Erasmus of Rotterdam
and
Cardinal Cisneros
Called for changes so that the Church could become more
modern
The protestant reformation
Lutheran doctrine
Salvation through faith.
To save your
soul
you need a strong faith
Universal priesthood.
Reformation
of the sacraments.
Free
interpretation of the Bible
Everyone could interpretate the Bible's messages
Religious orders
Catholic doctrine
To achieve salvation, you must have
faith
, follow all precepts
The Catholic Church had a well-defined
hierarchical structure
Catholicism had
seven sacraments:
Worshipping the
Virgin Mary and saints
were
very important.
The Church’s official
Latin version
was known as the
Vulgate Bible.
Calvinism
A french priest called
John Calvin
(1509–1564) established a theocracy in Geneva.
Principles:
Belief in predestination.
Humility and austerity.
Strict adherence to the Bible
The English Reformation
Religious reform was more politically motivated than theologically motivated.
Henry VIII asked the Catholic Church to annul his marriage with Catherine of Aragón so that he could marry Anne Boleyn
But the pope refused and
The Act of Supremacy
was passed
He became the head of the Church of England
The Influence of Calvinism
Calvinism in France were called
Huguenots
Religious conflicts between Huguenots and Catholics caused instability
Calvinists in the Low Countries, Scotland and England were called
Puritans
They believed the Church of England needed to be purified of the influence of Catholicism.
Lutheran Reformation
This religious reform of the 16th century was started by Martin Luther
Luther wrote his ninety-five theses criticising
indulgences
The pope asked Luther to retract his theses, but he refused
He was expelled from the Christianity community
Luther developed his own doctrinebased on Individual Christianity
The Counter Reformation
The Council of Trent was held
A programme of changes was formulated
In respons to the Protestant Reformation
between
1545
and
1563.
The Church's hierarchical form was reafirmed
One of the most important principles was that salvation was achieved through faith and good works
The Vulgate Bible was the only valid version
The seven sacraments and worship of the Virgin Mary and saints were maintained.
Compañía de Jesús
was created by Ignacio de Loyola to
promote Catholicism
