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APS审核 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - The DSM-5 outlines the following criterion to make a diagnosis of depression. The individual must be experiencing five or more symptoms during the same 2-week period and at least one of the symptoms should be either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure.
        
        Depressed mood
        
        lost of interest or pleasure in almost all activities
        
        Significant weight loss or weight gain, or decrease or increase in appetite
        
        A slowing down of thought and a reduction of physical movement
        
        Fatigue or loss of energy
        
        Feelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt
        
        Unable to think or concentrate
        
        Recurrent thoughts of death or a suicidal plan
      - Treatment
        
        supportive psychotherapy
        
        Antidepressants：fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine
        
        CBT(cognitive behavioral therapy)
        
        MECT(modified electric convulsive therapy)
    - - To be diagnosed with bipolar disorder, a person must have experienced at least one episode of mania or hypomania.
        To be considered mania, the elevated mood must last for at least one week and be present most of the day, nearly every day. To be considered hypomania, the mood must last at least four consecutive days and be present most of the day, almost every day.
        
        During this period, three or more of the following symptoms must be present
        
        Inflated self-esteem
        
        Decreased need for sleep
        
        Increased talkativeness
        
        Racing thoughts
        
        Distracted easily
        
        Increase in goal-directed activity
        
        Engaging in activities that hold the potential for painful consequences, e.g., buying sprees
      - The DSM-5 states that a person must experience five or more of the following symptoms in two weeks to be diagnosed with a major depressive episode:(参考depression症状）
      - Treatment
        
        Mood stabilizers: lithium, for both mania,hypomania and depressive episodes
        
        Antipsychotics(in severe cases): Olanzapine(奥氮平), risperidone（利培酮）
    - - (DSM-5), to meet the criteria for diagnosis of schizophrenia, the patient must have experienced at least 2 of the following symptoms. At least 1 of the symptoms must be the presence of delusions, hallucinations, or disorganized speech.
        
        Delusions: A false personal belief that is not subject to reason or evidence
        
        Hallucinations: where you hear, see, smell, taste or feel things that appear to be real but only exist in your mind
        
        Disorganized speech:speak incoherently, respond to questions with unrelated answers, with no logic, or shift topics frequently
        
        Disorganized or catatonic behavior:
        childlike silliness, purposeless behavior, or extreme emotional reaction(e.g., laughing after a catastrophe).
        catatonic behavior:eg. stares blankly and won't respond when you speak to them
        
        Negative symptoms:
        Struggling with the basics of daily life, Lack of motivation.
        Slow movement
      - Treatment
        
        Antipsychotics: Risperidone 利培酮, clozapine 氯氮平
        
        MECT:Modified electroconvulsive therapy
        
        Psychotherapy like cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)
- - - - selective course taught by our counselor, planning our university life/future career
    - - the importance of mental health, how to cope with emotions and life crisis, how to get help and support.
    - - function, continous function 函数、derivative导数
    - - physical exercises. emphasis on discipline and teamwork
    - - ancient and contemporary Chinese military thoughts, national defense construction
    - - an online seletive course, classic traditional Chinese medicine theory is the main focus, with modern nutritional science as a reference, herbs, fruits, vegetables, and medicinal cuisine is highlighted.
    - - 50m sprint, standing long jump