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chapter 22 - rapid urbanization in LIDCs - Coggle Diagram
chapter 22 - rapid urbanization in LIDCs
push factors in migration
few services such as education and healthcare
wages are at poverty levels and lack of job opportunities
poorer infrastructure
natural disasters
poor electricity and power supplies
crop failure
lack of clean water
pull factors in migration
greater range of employment with higher wages
better healthcare systems and schools
stories filter back to the villages of people doing better in the city
political and religious freedom
stable government
better acces to food
better-quality housing
more entertainment
more transport networks such as road, rail or air
informal sector
involves people finding their own employment. includes jobs as beach vendors, shoe shiners, car washers and litter pickers.
jobs in the informal sector require little capital to set up, require few skills, are labour intensive and small scale. people working in the sector do not pay taxes and do not contribute to the country's GNP. the workers do not have any legal rights and would not receive advantages such as holiday and sick pay
informal housing
known as slums or squatter settlements are built on land that does not belong to the people building on it
it is usually land that is unsuitable for building upon such as: a river bed, land that is to close to industrial activity, which could be bad for people's health, steep unstable slopes, land either side of railway tracks.
infrastructure is poor in areas of informal housing and there are problems with the reliability of electricity and water supplies. children may have to leave education to work in the informal sector to support their families. with high population densities diseases spread and crime is common