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IP & MAC addressing - Coggle Diagram
IP & MAC addressing
every device on a network has a network interface card(NIC)
every nic has a media
access control(MAC) address
traditional mac addresses have 12 digits
mac addresses are used to route frames on a LAN
if the lan is connected to a wan then we need to use IP(internet protocol) addresses
IP addressing is used to route frames on wide area networks
ip addresses are unique number which is used to identify a host computer which communicates over IP on the internet
there are 2 versions of IP addresses today: IPv4 and IPv6
IPv4
using 4 numbers from 0-225,
3 numbers used for network identifying (3 bytes)
one number used for identifying the host (1 byte)
seperated by dots
around 4 billion possible addresses
(slightly lower due to some ip
addresses being reserved for
special users)
example: 192.4.55.210
IPv6
written as 8 groups
separated by colons
each made up of 4 hex values
340 trillion, trillion trillion combinations
or 3.4x10^38
128 bits in size (16 bytes)
example: 49CD:C92D:DABB:469F:003C:4877:F44B:5441
on a wan, frames are referred to as packets