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THE COURSE OF THE WAR, image, image, image, image, image, image, image,…
THE COURSE OF THE WAR
CASUS BELLI AND CHAIN REACTION
The specific reason why a conflict begins.
In the case of World War I:
Asassination of the crown prince of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
On 28 June 1914
Archduke Franz Ferdinand was shot in Sarajevo
by Gavrilo Princip
In response,
Austria-Hungary threatened to annex Serbia
Russia stood up in defence of Serbia
Inmediate reaction from all the alliances:
Germany attacked France
Great Britain decided to come to its defence
The Great War had begun
FIRST PHASE (1914)
Called war of movement
Germany launched a rapid attack against France
through Belgium with the intention of dominating it quickly
A combined action by Germans and Austro-Hungarians
repelled early Russian advances on the Eastern Front
The powers were still confident of a quick victory guaranteed by
the readiness of their armies
deployed on the battlefield
and the modernity of new weapons
SECOND PHASE (1915–1916)
1915
the Triple Entente
held back the Germans on the Western Front
along the Marne River, near Paris
New phase
trench warfare
or
war of position
The war came to a standstil
Terrible losses of human life on both the Franco-British and German sides.
THE BATTLE OF VERDUN (1916)
21 February 1916
one of the bloodiest battles of the Great War
It lasted nearly 10 months
Waged following methods from the 19th century
with the deadly weapons of the 20th century
The cost was 700,000 casualties
killed or wounded
Trench Warfare
to protect themselves from the enemy
leading to extreme human suffering due to harsh conditions
Military Operations
Attempts by military high commands to breach enemy lines
resulted in bloody battles
like the unsuccessful First Battle of the Somme in 1916
War Expansion
The war spread to various parts of the world
including territories of the British Empire, German colonies, and the Ottoman Empire
leading to increased death and destruction
Battle of Gallipoli
The Triple Entente's goal to attack the Dardanelles Strait
during the Battle of Gallipoli in 1915–1916
to help the Russian Empire on the Eastern Front
resulted in another bloody battle with significant casualties
break the war stalemate
THIRD PHASE (1917–1918)
The Revolution in Russia
The triumph of the Revolution in Russia in 1917
led to the country signing a peace treaty and surrendering in 1918
removing Russia from the war
United States Intervention
A decisive factor that shifted the balance in their favor
following the sinking of the British ship Lusitania by a German submarine in 1915
which led to US entry into World War I in April 1917.
On the side of the Triple Entente
German Defeat
Allied counterattacks and the loss of support within Germany
led the German army to realize that victory was unattainable
resulting in
Emperor William II's abdication
The proclamation of the Weimar Republic.
Wilson's Fourteen Points
Near the end of the war
President Woodrow Wilson of the United States
Proposed a peace plan known as Wilson's Fourteen Points
Played a role in
The eventual signing of the armistice
The end of hostilities
in November 1918 after the defeat of the central empires.
