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Pupil Subcultures - Coggle Diagram
Pupil Subcultures
Hargreaves
students in lower streams labelled as troublemakers + failures rebelled against values of school, developing a non-conformist delinquent subculture
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Willis
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'lads' saw little point in school work as they expected to take manual labouring jobs which they saw as proper jobs as opposed to middle class 'pen pushing' jobs
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was position of boys from different class backgrounds that shaped their attitudes to schooling + formation of subcultures, not way teachers treated them or schools were organised
Mac + Ghaill
school divided into three distinct male, working class peer groups
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Ball
pupils placed in the highest streams were expected to do well be teachers so maintained enthusiastic, pro-school attitude
pupils placed in lower streams were viewed negatively by teachers as being likely to be disruptive so were likely to develop anti-school attitudes which manifested as putting lass effort in, messing around + truanting
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Lacey
Differentiation
process of teachers categorising pupils according to how they perceive their ability, attitude + behaviour
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Woods
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Compliance
pupils who accept school rules + see school as useful way to achieve qualifications but don't have wholly positive attitude to school
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Ritualism
pupils who go through the motions of attending school but without enthusiasm + without concern for academic success + approval from teachers
Retreatism
deviant adaptation in which pupils reject values of school + mess around without directly challenging teachers authority
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EVALUATION
:( many of the studies are outdated and no longer relevant today, particularly with regard to the anti-school subculture as there are a variety of institutions designed to help pupils succeed
:( in today's society, these groups tend to not exist and many students never were a part of a school subculture
:( assumes pupils passively accept labels leading to formation of attitudes that fit with a particular subculture which isn't the case